What to do if high blood lipids are detected during a physical examination

Physical examination reveals that high blood lipids can be improved by adjusting diet, increasing exercise, controlling weight, quitting smoking and limiting alcohol consumption, and medication treatment. High blood lipids are usually caused by genetic factors, unhealthy dietary habits, lack of exercise, obesity, metabolic diseases, and other reasons.

1. Adjust diet

Reduce intake of saturated and trans fatty acids, such as fatty meat, fried foods, butter, etc. Increase the intake of foods rich in unsaturated fatty acids, such as deep-sea fish, nuts, olive oil, etc. Eating more vegetables, fruits, and whole grains rich in dietary fiber can help reduce cholesterol absorption. Daily salt intake should not exceed 5 grams to avoid a high salt diet that increases vascular burden.

2. Increase Exercise

Engage in 150 minutes of moderate intensity aerobic exercise per week, such as brisk walking, swimming, cycling, etc. Exercise can increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and promote low-density lipoprotein cholesterol metabolism. Avoid prolonged sitting and get up and move for 5 minutes every hour of sitting. Exercise should be gradual and avoid discomfort caused by intense exercise.

3. Weight Control

Control body mass index between 18.5-23.9 through diet control and exercise. Obese individuals with abdominal obesity should focus on reducing waist circumference, with males not exceeding 90 centimeters and females not exceeding 85 centimeters. The recommended weight loss rate is 0.5-1 kg per week to avoid metabolic disorders caused by rapid weight loss. Regularly monitor weight changes and maintain long-term weight stability.

4. Quit smoking and limit alcohol consumption

Smoking will damage vascular endothelium, accelerate the process of atherosclerosis, and should be completely quit smoking. Men should drink no more than 25 grams of alcohol per day, and women should drink no more than 15 grams. It is best to quit drinking. Avoid passive smoking and reduce opportunities for drinking in social settings. Smoking cessation and alcohol restriction can significantly improve blood lipid abnormalities and cardiovascular health.

5. Medication therapy [SEP]: If lifestyle intervention is ineffective for 3-6 months, lipid-lowering drugs should be used under the guidance of a doctor. Common medications include atorvastatin calcium tablets, rosuvastatin calcium tablets, fenofibrate capsules, etc. During medication treatment, it is necessary to regularly check liver function, creatine kinase and other indicators. Do not adjust the dosage or discontinue medication on your own, and follow the doctor's instructions to use medication in a standardized manner. Patients with hyperlipidemia need to adhere to a healthy lifestyle for a long time and regularly monitor their blood lipid levels. Pay attention to consuming less oil and salt in your diet, and eat more fresh fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Maintain regular exercise habits and exercise at least 5 days a week. Control emotional stress and ensure adequate sleep. Recheck blood lipids every 3-6 months and adjust treatment plans promptly if necessary. If symptoms such as chest tightness and dizziness occur, seek medical attention promptly.