What is the normal value of hemoglobin in infants and young children

The normal value of hemoglobin in infants and young children is usually 110-140g/L, which is influenced by age stage, feeding method, growth and development rate, genetic factors, and regional environment.

1. Age stage:

The normal value of hemoglobin in newborns is the highest at 145-220g/L. Physiological anemia may occur at 90-110g/L 2-3 months after birth, and gradually stabilizes at 110-140g/L from 6 months to 6 years old. Premature infants generally have lower hemoglobin levels than full-term infants and require regular monitoring.

2. Feeding method:

After 6 months of breastfeeding, infants should be promptly supplemented with iron rich complementary foods. The iron absorption rate of formula fed infants is about 50%. Long term exclusive breastfeeding without iron supplementation may result in lower hemoglobin levels, while mixed feeders typically have more stable values.

3. Growth and development:

Sudden increase in blood volume during the growth spurt period may lead to temporary decrease in hemoglobin, and premature infants may experience a 3-4 fold increase in iron demand during catch-up growth. For every 1 kilogram increase in weight, 35-45mg of iron element should be stored. It is recommended to test blood routine every 3 months during the rapid growth stage.

4. Genetic factors:

Mediterranean anemia gene carriers may have hemoglobin levels consistently lower than the standard 10-20g/L, and G6PD deficient children may experience a sudden drop in hemoglobin levels of over 30g/L during hemolytic attacks. Individuals with a family history of blood history should undergo genetic screening.

3. Regional environment: In high-altitude areas, the normal value of hemoglobin in infants and young children may increase by 5-15g/L, and offspring of high-altitude residents may experience compensatory red blood cell count. The incidence of iron deficiency anemia in coastal areas is 30% lower than that in inland areas, and is positively correlated with seafood intake.

It is recommended to undergo regular child health check ups, and blood routine tests are recommended twice a year for infants aged 6-12 months. Adding animal liver, minced beef, egg yolks and other high iron foods in moderation in daily life can increase iron absorption rate by three times with vitamin C. Avoid co administration with calcium supplements that may affect iron absorption. Premature infants and low birth weight infants should receive prophylactic iron supplementation under the guidance of a doctor. When symptoms such as pale complexion, decreased appetite, and reduced activity occur, timely medical attention should be sought. Long term hemoglobin levels below 90g/L may affect the development of the nervous system.