What sudden illness requires hospitalization

The diseases that require hospitalization for sudden emergencies mainly include acute myocardial infarction, stroke, aortic dissection, acute pancreatitis, severe pneumonia, etc. These diseases have a rapid onset and progression, and require immediate medical intervention.

1. Emergency treatment for myocardial infarction

Acute myocardial infarction is caused by sudden blockage of the coronary artery leading to myocardial ischemic necrosis, characterized by persistent chest pain and profuse sweating. Diagnosis requires electrocardiogram and myocardial enzyme examination. Treatment includes aspirin chewing, sublingual nitroglycerin, and emergency interventions such as stent implantation or thrombolytic therapy. Continuous electrocardiographic monitoring is required after hospitalization, and beta blockers are used to reduce myocardial oxygen consumption.

2. Stroke Management

Stroke is divided into ischemic and hemorrhagic types, and sudden hemiplegia and unclear speech require immediate CT differentiation. Ischemic stroke can be treated with intravenous thrombolysis within 4.5 hours, while large vessel occlusion requires arterial thrombectomy. Hemorrhagic stroke requires blood pressure control, and in severe cases, decompressive craniectomy may be performed. Monitor intracranial pressure during hospitalization and provide early intervention in limb function training in the rehabilitation department.

3. Severe tearing chest pain with abnormal blood pressure in aortic dissection

suggests aortic intimal tear, which can be diagnosed by enhanced CT. Type A dissection requires emergency replacement of the ascending aorta, while type B can control blood pressure with medication. Use intravenous infusion of urapidil to maintain systolic blood pressure at 100-120mmHg and avoid actions that increase chest pressure, such as severe coughing.

4. Acute pancreatitis

can be diagnosed with severe upper abdominal pain accompanied by vomiting and a 3-fold increase in blood amylase levels after overeating. Severe cases require fasting, gastrointestinal decompression, and intravenous infusion of somatostatin to inhibit pancreatic enzyme secretion. CT guided puncture and drainage are required for necrotic infection, and short peptide enteral nutrition is chosen for nutritional support. Monitor abdominal compartment syndrome. 5. Severe pneumonia with high fever and respiratory distress requires blood gas analysis to evaluate oxygenation, and chest CT shows large solid shadows. Empirically using moxifloxacin combined with cefoperazone sulbactam, adjusting antibiotics through sputum culture. ARDS patients require mechanical ventilation and prone position ventilation to improve oxygenation. People with low immunity should be alert to Pneumocystis carinii infection.

Family members of sudden emergencies should keep the patient's respiratory tract clear, record the time of symptom onset, and avoid self feeding medication. When calling the emergency number, clearly describe the nature of the pain and accompanying symptoms, and prepare your medical insurance card and past medical records. During hospitalization, accompanying personnel should pay attention to observing changes in consciousness, urine output, etc., and learn the correct method of patting the back to expel phlegm. Regular follow-up of relevant indicators after discharge, such as echocardiography every 3 months for myocardial infarction patients and monitoring of blood lipid levels for stroke patients. Always keep emergency medication at home, and measure blood pressure regularly for hypertensive patients every day.