What should I do if my baby's eczema recurs during a physical examination?

Repeated episodes of eczema in babies can be treated through moisturizing care, allergen screening, rational use of medication, adjustment of feeding methods, and improvement of living environment. Eczema is usually caused by skin barrier dysfunction, allergic reactions, environmental stimuli, genetic factors, and immune dysfunction.

1. Moisturizing care:

Apply non irritating baby moisturizer to the affected area daily, and it is recommended to choose medical moisturizers containing ceramides or cholesterol. The temperature of the shower water should be controlled below 37 ℃ for no more than 10 minutes, and moisturizing products should be applied within 3 minutes after washing. Avoid using toiletries containing essence and dyes, and choose pure cotton breathable materials for clothes.

2. Allergen screening:

breastfeeding mothers should keep a diet diary and exclude highly allergenic foods such as milk, eggs, and seafood. Babies who have added complementary foods should be introduced with new ingredients one by one to observe their reactions. Serum specific IgE testing or skin prick test can be performed, and allergens should be strictly avoided once discovered. Inhalation allergens such as dust mites and pet dander require regular cleaning of the environment.

3. Reasonable use of drugs:

In the acute phase, weak acting corticosteroid ointments such as hydrocortisone butyrate cream can be used for a short period of time, and when combined with infections, mupirocin ointment can be used. Non hormonal ointments such as tacrolimus ointment are suitable for the face and recurrent areas. Oral antihistamines such as cetirizine drops can relieve itching, but the dosage should be adjusted according to body weight as prescribed by the doctor.

4. Adjusting feeding methods:

It is recommended to exclusively breastfeed infants within 6 months, and mothers should avoid consuming foods with clear allergies. Formula milk feeding can choose deep hydrolyzed protein milk powder or amino acid formula milk powder. The addition of complementary foods follows the principle of increasing from small to large, from single to mixed, and observing for 3-5 days after introducing new foods. Avoid premature exposure to highly allergenic foods such as tropical fruits and nuts.

5. Improving living environment:

Maintain indoor temperature of 20-22 ℃, humidity of 50% -60%, and use air purifiers to reduce dust mites. Clean bedding with 60 ℃ hot water every week to reduce the placement of plush toys. Avoid contact with wool fabrics and synthetic materials, and choose loose cotton clothing. Take good care of sun and wind protection when going out, and pay attention to preventing dry and cracked skin in winter. Parents should regularly trim their baby's nails to prevent scratching, and cotton gloves can be worn at night. Record the onset time, location, and possible causes of eczema, and provide a detailed medical history to the doctor during follow-up visits. Avoid excessive washing and using alkaline soap. Gently pat dry after showering instead of wiping. If there is exudation, scab formation, or fever in the skin lesions, seek medical attention promptly and do not self medicate with steroid ointments for a long time. As the immune system develops, most children's eczema symptoms gradually alleviate after the age of 3, but some may continue into adolescence.