What medicine can lower blood pressure and heart rate

The drugs used to lower blood pressure and heart rate mainly include beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. These drugs regulate cardiovascular function through different mechanisms, helping to control blood pressure and heart rate. The specific selection should be based on the patient's condition and the doctor's advice.

1. Beta blockers reduce blood pressure by blocking cardiac beta receptors, lowering heart rate and cardiac output. Common medications include metoprolol, atenolol, and bisoprolol. This type of medication is suitable for patients with hypertension combined with tachycardia, but attention should be paid to possible side effects such as fatigue and dizziness.

2. Calcium channel blockers inhibit the entry of calcium ions into myocardial and vascular smooth muscle cells, relax blood vessels, and lower blood pressure and heart rate. Common medications include amlodipine, nifedipine, and diltiazem. This type of medication is suitable for patients with hypertension and angina pectoris, but may cause discomfort such as edema and headache.

3. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors inhibit the production of angiotensin II, dilate blood vessels, and lower blood pressure. Commonly used drugs include captopril, enalapril, and ramipril. This type of medication is suitable for patients with hypertension and heart failure, but it should be noted that it may cause side effects such as dry cough and hyperkalemia. In addition to medication treatment, lifestyle adjustments are also crucial for controlling blood pressure and heart rate. Diet should reduce salt intake and increase foods rich in potassium and magnesium, such as bananas, spinach, and nuts. In terms of exercise, it is recommended to engage in aerobic activities such as brisk walking, swimming, and cycling for at least 150 minutes per week. Maintaining a regular schedule, avoiding excessive fatigue and emotional fluctuations can also help stabilize blood pressure and heart rate. The selection of drugs for lowering blood pressure and heart rate should be based on individual circumstances and under the guidance of a doctor. The comprehensive intervention of drug therapy and lifestyle can more effectively control blood pressure and heart rate, and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Regular monitoring of blood pressure and heart rate, and timely adjustment of treatment plans, are key to maintaining cardiovascular health.