What is the reason for the blackening in the middle of the tongue coating

The blackening of the middle part of the tongue coating may be related to factors such as poor oral hygiene, food staining, drug effects, fungal infections, or gastrointestinal dysfunction. Blackening of tongue coating is usually manifested as a partial or overall darkening of the tongue surface, which may be accompanied by discomfort such as dry mouth and bitter taste.

1. Poor oral hygiene

Long term incomplete cleaning can lead to thickening of the tongue coating, and bacterial decomposition of oral residues may cause the tongue coating to appear black. It is recommended to use a soft bristled toothbrush to gently brush the surface of the tongue, and to use mouthwash containing chlorhexidine such as compound chlorhexidine mouthwash to clean the mouth. Regular dental checkups should also be conducted.

2. Food staining

Consuming dark fruits such as blackberries and mulberries, or medications containing bismuth agents such as colloidal pectin bismuth capsules, may cause temporary tongue coating staining. It usually subsides on its own within 1-2 days after stopping the intake of relevant foods or medications, without the need for special treatment.

3. Drug Effects

Long term use of antibiotics such as doxycycline hydrochloride tablets may disrupt the balance of oral microbiota and cause changes in tongue coating color. Taking iron supplements such as ferrous succinate tablets may also cause discoloration of the tongue surface. It is recommended to consult a doctor to adjust the medication plan.

4. Fungal infection

Oral candidal infection can cause hirsute tongue, manifested as papillomatosis and pigmentation. Diagnosis requires fungal culture, and antifungal treatment can be carried out using antifungal mouthwash or fluconazole capsules according to medical advice, while strengthening oral care.

5. Gastrointestinal dysfunction

Chronic gastritis, constipation and other digestive system diseases may lead to blackening of tongue coating, often accompanied by symptoms such as bloating and acid reflux. It is recommended to improve gastrointestinal endoscopy and use probiotics triple active capsules to regulate gut microbiota. Spicy and stimulating foods should be avoided.

Daily attention should be paid to maintaining oral hygiene, brushing teeth correctly in the morning and evening, and cleaning the tongue coating to avoid irritation from hard or excessively hot food. A light diet is recommended, with more intake of fresh vegetables and fruits such as apples and spinach to supplement vitamins. If the black coating persists for more than a week or is accompanied by symptoms such as pain and ulceration, it is necessary to seek medical attention promptly at a dental or gastroenterology department to rule out organic diseases such as oral mucosal lesions. Smokers should reduce their tobacco intake to avoid exacerbating tongue coating abnormalities.