What is renal hypertension

Renal hypertension is a secondary hypertension caused by kidney disease or functional abnormalities, commonly seen in chronic nephritis, renal artery stenosis, and other diseases. Treatment should target the primary disease while controlling blood pressure and improving kidney function.

1. Causes of renal hypertension

The main causes of renal hypertension include kidney disease and renal dysfunction. Chronic nephritis, renal artery stenosis, polycystic kidney disease and other diseases can lead to reduced renal blood flow, activate the renin-angiotensin system, and cause elevated blood pressure. The decline of renal filtration function and retention of sodium and water in the body will also aggravate hypertension. Environmental factors such as high salt diet and long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may also induce or exacerbate renal hypertension. Physiological factors such as obesity, diabetes and other metabolic diseases will also increase the renal burden, leading to abnormal blood pressure.

2. Treatment of renal hypertension

For renal hypertension, treatment should start from controlling the primary disease and lowering blood pressure. Drug therapy includes angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors such as enalapril, angiotensin II receptor antagonists such as losartan, and calcium channel blockers such as amlodipine, which can effectively lower blood pressure and protect kidney function. For patients with renal artery stenosis, interventional treatment such as balloon dilation or stent implantation may be considered. In terms of diet, it is recommended to have a low salt diet, with a daily sodium intake of less than 2 grams, and to increase potassium rich foods such as bananas and spinach. In terms of exercise, moderate aerobic exercise such as brisk walking and swimming can help improve blood pressure and overall health.

3. Daily Management and Prevention

Patients with renal hypertension should regularly monitor their blood pressure and renal function, and adjust their treatment plans according to medical advice. Avoid drug abuse, especially drugs that are harmful to the kidneys such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Maintain good lifestyle habits, quit smoking and limit alcohol consumption, control weight, and avoid overexertion. For high-risk groups such as diabetes patients, it is necessary to actively control blood sugar and prevent kidney complications. Renal hypertension is a secondary hypertension closely related to kidney disease. By targeted treatment of the primary disease, rational drug use, and healthy lifestyle, blood pressure can be effectively controlled and renal function deterioration can be delayed. Patients should pay attention to early diagnosis and long-term management, and undergo regular follow-up to ensure treatment effectiveness and physical health.