What is high uric acid in physical examination

The discovery of high uric acid during physical examination may be related to genetic factors, high purine diet, metabolic abnormalities, reduced kidney excretion, drug effects, and other reasons. Intervention can be achieved through adjusting diet, increasing water intake, medication treatment, weight control, and regular check ups. Uric acid is the end product of purine metabolism, and long-term high levels may lead to diseases such as gout or kidney stones.

1. Genetic factors

Some populations may experience excessive uric acid production due to genetic defects in purine metabolizing enzymes, such as hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency. These patients often have early attacks of gouty arthritis, with obvious redness, swelling, and pain in the joint area. Diagnosis needs to be confirmed through genetic testing, and treatment should follow the doctor's advice to use allopurinol tablets or febuxostat tablets to inhibit uric acid synthesis, while combining with benzbromarone tablets to promote excretion. Parents need to supervise their children to limit the intake of high purine foods such as animal organs.

2. High purine diet

Long term intake of high purine foods such as seafood, red meat, and thick meat broth can increase exogenous uric acid. This group of people is often accompanied by obesity or metabolic syndrome, and may experience transient joint pain. Suggest using low purine foods such as broccoli and cherries as substitutes, and drinking 2000-3000 milliliters of water daily to aid excretion. During the acute phase, colchicine tablets can be used according to medical advice to alleviate symptoms, but it should be noted that the medication may cause adverse reactions such as diarrhea.

3. Abnormal metabolism

Metabolic diseases such as diabetes and insulin resistance interfere with uric acid excretion, often coexisting with hyperuricemia. The patient may experience symptoms such as excessive drinking and urination, as well as itching on the skin. In addition to controlling underlying diseases, hypoglycemic drugs with uric acid lowering effects such as canagliflozin tablets can be used, or sodium bicarbonate tablets can be used in combination to alkalize urine. Regular monitoring of changes in blood glucose and uric acid levels is required.

4. Reduced renal excretion

Chronic kidney disease, dehydration, or diuretic use can lead to uric acid excretion disorders. These patients often have a synchronous increase in creatinine levels, which may lead to increased nocturia and lower limb edema. The treatment requires adjusting the type of diuretics under the guidance of the nephrology department, and if necessary, using Rabelase injection to rapidly reduce uric acid, while limiting daily protein intake to less than 0.8 grams per kilogram of body weight.

5. Drug effects

Aspirin enteric coated tablets, pyrazinamide tablets, and other drugs competitively inhibit renal tubular excretion of uric acid. Asymptomatic uric acid elevation may occur during medication, which can often be restored after discontinuation. It is necessary for the doctor to evaluate whether to adjust the medication plan, and if necessary, to temporarily use benzbromarone capsules and increase fresh vegetable and fruit intake to supplement vitamin B. Individuals with high uric acid levels should engage in aerobic exercise such as brisk walking or swimming for at least 30 minutes daily, but during acute gout attacks, they need to rest by braking. Cooking suggestion is to use steaming and boiling method to avoid deep frying and hot pot soup base. Moderate consumption of low-fat milk or light soybean milk, but avoid beer and sugary drinks. It is recommended to check blood uric acid and urine routine every 3-6 months. If there is severe joint pain or hematuria, seek medical attention immediately. Long term poor control requires joint management by rheumatology, immunology, and nutrition departments.