What does high INR mean among the four coagulation parameters?

A high INR in the four coagulation parameters usually indicates prolonged blood clotting time, which may be related to factors such as anticoagulant use, vitamin K deficiency, and liver disease. INR stands for International Normalized Ratio, primarily used to monitor the efficacy of anticoagulants such as warfarin. Anticoagulants such as warfarin can inhibit the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors, leading to prolonged clotting time and increased INR values. In this case, a high INR is a manifestation of drug efficacy, but it needs to be controlled within the target range to avoid the risk of bleeding. Vitamin K deficiency can affect the synthesis of coagulation factors II, VII, IX, and X, which are key proteins in the coagulation process. Deficiency can lead to an increase in INR. The liver is the main organ for synthesizing coagulation factors. Liver diseases such as cirrhosis and hepatitis can damage liver function, reduce the production of coagulation factors, and thus cause high INR. Some hereditary coagulation factor deficiencies, such as hemophilia and vascular hemophilia, can also lead to abnormally elevated INR. Diffuse intravascular coagulation is a serious coagulation dysfunction that consumes a large amount of clotting factors and platelets, manifested as a significant increase in INR. When INR is found to be high, timely medical attention should be sought, and the doctor will evaluate and treat it according to the specific situation. For patients taking warfarin, medication dosage may need to be adjusted. Attention should be paid to avoiding intense exercise and trauma in daily life to reduce the risk of bleeding. Maintain a balanced diet and avoid consuming large amounts of foods rich in vitamin K, such as spinach and broccoli, to avoid affecting the anticoagulant effect. Regularly review coagulation function and monitor changes in INR values.