What disease can cause high blood pressure

Hypertension can be caused by various diseases, including kidney disease, endocrine disorders, and cardiovascular disease. Targeted treatment and lifestyle adjustments are key to managing hypertension.

1. Kidney diseases

The kidneys are important organs for regulating blood pressure, and kidney diseases such as chronic nephritis, renal artery stenosis, and renal dysfunction may lead to hypertension. Chronic nephritis can damage glomerular function and affect water and sodium metabolism; Renal artery stenosis can lead to reduced renal blood flow and activate the renin-angiotensin system; Renal insufficiency will cause water sodium retention and vasoconstriction. Treatment includes controlling the underlying disease, such as using antihypertensive drugs such as ACEI and ARB drugs, and if necessary, performing renal artery stent implantation or renal replacement therapy.

2. Endocrine disorders

Endocrine system abnormalities are one of the common causes of hypertension. Primary aldosteronism, Cushing's syndrome, and hyperthyroidism are typical representatives. Primary hyperaldosteronism leads to excessive secretion of aldosterone and retention of water and sodium; Cushing's syndrome is caused by elevated cortisol levels, which increase vasoconstriction; Hyperthyroidism can accelerate heart rate and increase blood pressure. Treatment should be targeted at the cause, such as the use of spironolactone, surgical removal of adrenal tumors, or anti thyroid drugs.

3. Cardiovascular diseases

Cardiovascular diseases such as coarctation of aorta, atherosclerosis and heart failure can also cause hypertension. Aortic constriction leads to increased blood flow resistance; Atherosclerosis reduces vascular elasticity; Heart failure causes water sodium retention and vasoconstriction. Treatment methods include the use of antihypertensive drugs such as beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, and surgery to repair aortic coarctation or improve atherosclerosis.

4. Lifestyle adjustment

Regardless of the cause of hypertension, lifestyle adjustment is fundamental. Reduce salt intake in diet and increase potassium rich foods such as bananas and spinach; It is recommended to engage in 150 minutes of moderate intensity aerobic exercise per week, such as brisk walking and swimming; At the same time, quit smoking, limit alcohol consumption, and maintain a healthy weight. The treatment of hypertension should be based on the cause and individual situation, with medication or surgical treatment targeted at the primary disease, while controlling blood pressure through a healthy lifestyle. Regular monitoring of blood pressure and adjusting treatment plans according to medical advice are key to preventing complications.