What causes high blood pressure?

The main causes of high blood pressure include genetics, environmental factors, physiological factors, trauma, and pathology, which can be intervened through medication treatment, lifestyle adjustments, and dietary control.

1. Genetic factors: People with a family history of hypertension have a higher risk of developing the disease. Genetic factors may lead to decreased vascular elasticity or abnormal renal sodium excretion, resulting in elevated blood pressure. It is recommended that individuals with a family history regularly monitor their blood pressure to detect and intervene early.

2. Environmental factors: Long term exposure to high stress, lack of exercise, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and other external factors can all lead to elevated blood pressure. A high salt and high-fat diet can also increase blood pressure burden. Reducing salt intake, quitting smoking and limiting alcohol consumption, and maintaining regular exercise are effective methods for preventing and controlling hypertension.

3. Physiological factors: As age increases, blood vessels gradually harden, and blood pressure regulation function decreases, leading to an increase in blood pressure. Obesity, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and other metabolic diseases will also increase the risk of hypertension. Controlling weight, managing blood sugar and lipid levels can help lower blood pressure.

4. Trauma: Head or neck trauma may affect the blood pressure regulation center, leading to abnormal blood pressure. Blood pressure changes should be closely monitored after trauma, and medical treatment should be sought if necessary.

5. Pathological factors: Kidney diseases, endocrine disorders such as hyperthyroidism, cardiovascular diseases, and other pathological conditions can all cause secondary hypertension. Treating the primary disease is the key to controlling blood pressure. For example, renal hypertension requires treatment for kidney disease, while endocrine hypertension requires regulation of hormone levels. In terms of drug therapy, commonly used antihypertensive drugs include calcium channel blockers such as amlodipine, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors such as enalapril, and diuretics such as hydrochlorothiazide. Lifestyle adjustments include 30 minutes of moderate intensity exercise such as brisk walking and swimming every day, maintaining a healthy weight, and reducing salt intake to no more than 5 grams per day. In terms of diet, it is recommended to consume more potassium rich foods such as bananas and spinach, and reduce the intake of high-fat and high sugar foods. High blood pressure is a chronic disease that requires long-term management, and early detection and intervention are crucial. By comprehensively utilizing medication treatment, lifestyle adjustments, and dietary control, blood pressure can be effectively lowered and the risk of complications can be reduced. Regular monitoring of blood pressure and compliance are key to maintaining stable blood pressure.