What causes high blood pressure

High blood pressure may be caused by genetic, environmental, physiological, traumatic, or pathological factors, and control methods include medication treatment, dietary adjustments, and lifestyle improvements. Hypertension is a common chronic disease, and understanding its causes and taking targeted measures is crucial.

1. Genetic factors. Hypertension has a familial predisposition, and individuals with a history of hypertension in their parents or close relatives have a higher risk of developing the disease. It is recommended that this group of people regularly monitor their blood pressure and maintain a healthy lifestyle, such as a low salt diet and moderate exercise.

2. Environmental factors. Long term exposure to high-pressure work environments, mental stress, noise pollution, and other external factors may lead to elevated blood pressure. Improving the work environment, learning relaxation techniques, and reducing noise exposure can help alleviate stress and lower blood pressure.

3. Physiological factors. As age increases, vascular elasticity decreases and blood pressure may naturally rise. Poor lifestyle habits such as obesity, lack of exercise, and high salt diet can also increase the risk of hypertension. Maintaining a healthy weight, regular exercise, and a balanced diet are important measures for preventing and controlling hypertension.

4. External injury. Severe head or neck trauma may affect the blood pressure regulation center, leading to secondary hypertension. Seek timely medical treatment for external injuries and follow medical advice for rehabilitation treatment.

5. Pathological factors. Kidney diseases, endocrine disorders, vascular diseases, etc. may lead to secondary hypertension. Common diseases include chronic nephritis, primary aldosteronism, and aortic constriction. Treating the primary disease is the key to controlling blood pressure. In terms of drug therapy, commonly used antihypertensive drugs include calcium channel blockers such as nifedipine and amlodipine, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors such as captopril and enalapril, diuretics such as hydrochlorothiazide and furosemide. Specific medication should be taken under the guidance of a doctor. In terms of dietary adjustments, it is recommended to adopt the DASH diet model, which is rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, low-fat dairy products, and limits the intake of saturated fat and cholesterol. Specific foods include bananas, spinach, oats, low-fat milk, etc.

Lifestyle improvements include: engaging in 150 minutes of moderate intensity aerobic exercise per week, such as brisk walking, swimming, and cycling; Maintain a healthy weight, with a BMI controlled between 18.5-23.9; Limit alcohol intake to no more than 2 standard drinks per day for men and 1 standard drink per day for women; Quit smoking or avoid exposure to secondhand smoke. Hypertension is a preventable and controllable chronic disease, and the key lies in early detection and long-term management. By understanding the causes and taking comprehensive prevention and treatment measures, most hypertensive patients can effectively control their blood pressure and reduce the risk of complications. It is recommended to have regular physical examinations, pay attention to changes in blood pressure, seek professional advice in a timely manner, and develop personalized prevention and treatment plans. At the same time, maintaining a positive and optimistic attitude, cultivating a healthy lifestyle, can help better manage blood pressure and maintain cardiovascular health.