What causes high blood pressure

High blood pressure may be caused by genetic, environmental factors, physiological changes, trauma, or pathological factors, and measures such as medication treatment and lifestyle adjustments should be taken according to the specific reasons.

1. Genetic factors

Family history is an important risk factor for hypertension. If parents or close relatives have a history of hypertension, the probability of an individual developing the disease significantly increases. Genetic factors may affect vascular elasticity, kidney function, and hormone regulation mechanisms, leading to elevated blood pressure. For individuals with a family history, it is recommended to regularly monitor blood pressure, detect and intervene early.

2. Environmental factors

External environment has a significant impact on blood pressure. High salt diet, lack of exercise, long-term mental stress, and unhealthy habits such as smoking and drinking can all lead to elevated blood pressure. High salt intake can increase blood volume and increase the burden on the heart; Lack of exercise reduces vascular elasticity; Mental stress can stimulate the sympathetic nervous system, leading to vasoconstriction. Suggest reducing salt intake, maintaining moderate exercise, quitting smoking and limiting alcohol consumption, and learning stress management.

3. Physiological factors

Aging, obesity, changes in hormone levels, and other physiological factors can also cause an increase in blood pressure. As people age, their blood vessels gradually harden and their ability to regulate blood pressure decreases; Obesity increases the burden on the heart, leading to elevated blood pressure; Abnormal hormone levels, such as hyperthyroidism or adrenal tumors, may also cause hypertension. Controlling weight, regular physical examinations, and monitoring hormone levels are important preventive measures.

4. Trauma

Head or neck trauma may affect the blood pressure regulation center, leading to secondary hypertension. For example, a concussion or cervical injury may interfere with the normal functioning of the nervous system, causing blood pressure fluctuations. For individuals with a history of trauma, it is necessary to closely monitor changes in blood pressure and seek medical examination if necessary.

5. Pathological factors

Some diseases may cause hypertension, such as kidney disease, diabetes, sleep apnea syndrome, etc. Kidney disease can affect water and sodium metabolism, leading to elevated blood pressure; Diabetes can damage blood vessels and increase the risk of hypertension; Sleep apnea syndrome causes blood pressure fluctuations through hypoxia and sympathetic nervous system excitation. For these diseases, it is necessary to actively treat the primary disease while controlling blood pressure. The treatment for high blood pressure includes medication and lifestyle adjustments. Drug therapy can include diuretics, calcium channel blockers, or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; Lifestyle adjustments include a low salt diet, moderate exercise, smoking cessation, alcohol restriction, and stress management. Regular monitoring of blood pressure and developing personalized treatment plans based on doctor recommendations are key to controlling hypertension.