What can AIDS be found in physical examination

In the physical examination, AIDS is mainly screened through blood tests, including AIDS virus antibody test, AIDS virus nucleic acid test, etc. AIDS is a chronic infectious disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus infection, mainly through sexual contact, blood transmission and mother to child transmission.

1. AIDS virus antibody test

AIDS virus antibody test is the main method for screening AIDS. It is used to detect whether there is AIDS virus antibody in the blood to determine whether there is infection. After being infected with AIDS virus, the human immune system will produce specific antibodies, which can usually be detected 2-8 weeks after infection. AIDS virus antibody detection includes preliminary screening test and confirmatory test. If the preliminary screening test is positive, confirmatory test is required to confirm the diagnosis. The commonly used AIDS virus antibody detection methods include enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, chemiluminescence immunoassay, etc.

2. AIDS virus nucleic acid test

AIDS virus nucleic acid test can directly detect the genetic material of AIDS virus in the blood, and is suitable for early screening and diagnosis of AIDS virus infection. AIDS virus nucleic acid detection can detect the virus within 1-2 weeks after infection, which is shorter than the antibody detection window. Nucleic acid detection methods include real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR, nucleic acid sequence dependent amplification, etc., which have the characteristics of high sensitivity and strong specificity.

3. CD4+T lymphocyte count

CD4+T lymphocyte count is an important indicator to evaluate the immune function and disease progress of AIDS patients. AIDS virus mainly attacks CD4+T lymphocytes, leading to a gradual decrease in their number. The normal CD4+T lymphocyte count in adults is 500-1600 cells per microliter. When the count is below 200 cells per microliter, it indicates severe immune dysfunction and may lead to opportunistic infections.

4. AIDS virus load test

AIDS virus load test can quantitatively measure the content of AIDS virus RNA in the blood, which is used to evaluate the active degree of virus replication and therapeutic effect. The higher the viral load, the more active the virus replication and the stronger the infectivity. The detection of AIDS virus load is of great significance in guiding the formulation and adjustment of antiviral treatment programs.

5. Other relevant tests

In addition to the above special tests, routine tests such as blood routine, liver function and kidney function can also be carried out during physical examination to assess the overall health of AIDS patients. AIDS patients may have anemia, leukopenia and other blood routine abnormalities, as well as liver and kidney function damage. These examinations help to detect complications in a timely manner and guide clinical treatment.

AIDS testing needs to be carried out in formal medical institutions, and the test results should be strictly confidential. If there are high-risk behaviors, it is recommended to be detected promptly after the window period. In daily life, unsafe sex, not sharing syringes and other behaviors that may spread AIDS virus should be avoided. After the diagnosis of AIDS virus infection, it is necessary to start standardized antiviral treatment as soon as possible, follow up regularly, and maintain good living habits and mentality, which will help control the progress of the disease.