What are the mandatory medical examination items for 60 year old elderly people

The mandatory physical examination items for 60 year old elderly include blood routine, urine routine, liver function, kidney function, electrocardiogram, chest X-ray, abdominal ultrasound, bone density testing, tumor marker screening, blood pressure, blood glucose and lipid testing, etc.

1. Blood routine

Blood routine can detect indicators such as red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, etc., which can help detect problems such as anemia, infection, and blood system diseases. Hematopoietic function may decline after the age of 60, and regular monitoring of blood status is necessary. If abnormal indicators appear, further examination of bone marrow hematopoietic function or screening for chronic inflammation is necessary.

2. Urine routine

Urine routine can reflect kidney function and urinary system health status, and can detect indicators such as urine protein, urine sugar, and urine occult blood. The glomerular filtration rate of elderly people is decreasing year by year, which makes them prone to renal dysfunction. Persistent proteinuria may indicate renal damage in diabetes or hypertension.

3. Liver function

Liver function tests include indicators such as transaminase, bilirubin, albumin, etc., which can evaluate liver metabolism and detoxification function. Elderly people have weakened liver metabolism and an increased risk of adverse drug reactions. Long term medication users need to be monitored regularly to avoid drug-induced liver injury.

4. Electrocardiogram

Electrocardiogram can detect cardiac problems such as arrhythmia and myocardial ischemia. The incidence rate of coronary heart disease in people over 60 years old increased significantly, and occult myocardial ischemia was common. It is suggested that patients with hypertension and diabetes should be examined every six months, and dynamic electrocardiogram monitoring should be carried out when necessary.

5. Bone density testing

Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry can accurately evaluate the degree of osteoporosis. After menopause in women and after the age of 70 in men, bone loss accelerates and the risk of fractures increases. Abnormal test results require supplementation of calcium and vitamin D, and severe cases require treatment with anti osteoporosis drugs.

In addition to the above items, it is recommended that elderly people over 60 years old undergo specialized screenings such as eye examinations, oral examinations, and hearing tests every year. Maintain a balanced diet, supplement high-quality protein and calcium in moderation, choose low-intensity exercises such as walking and Tai Chi, quit smoking and limit alcohol consumption, and ensure adequate sleep. When abnormalities are found during physical examination, timely specialist treatment should be sought to avoid self medication delaying the condition.