What are the general examination items for children's physical examination

Children's physical examinations generally include physical examinations, growth and development assessments, vision and hearing screenings, blood tests, vaccination evaluations, and other items.

1. Physical examination

Physical examination is a basic item of children's physical examination, including measuring indicators such as height, weight, head circumference, etc., to evaluate the growth and development of children. The doctor will also examine the skin, lymph nodes, heart and lung auscultation, abdominal palpation, etc., to understand the physical condition of the child. Physical examination can help detect problems such as growth retardation and malnutrition in the early stage.

2. Growth and Development Assessment

Growth and development assessment mainly compares indicators such as height, weight, and head circumference with the standard values of peers to determine whether children are on a normal developmental track. Doctors will use growth curve charts for evaluation and focus on developmental milestones such as movement, language, and social skills. Growth and development assessment can timely detect problems such as developmental delay and precocious puberty.

3. Visual and auditory screening

Visual and auditory screening is an important item in children's physical examination, including visual acuity chart examination, color vision test, otoscopy examination, etc. It is recommended to use professional instruments for objective hearing screening before the age of 3. Early detection of vision and hearing problems can help intervene in a timely manner and avoid affecting learning and language development.

4. Blood tests

Blood tests usually include blood routine, trace element testing, etc., which can evaluate anemia, infection, and nutritional status. 1 year old, 3 years old, and 6 years old are the key ages recommended for blood tests. Hemoglobin testing can screen for iron deficiency anemia, while lead content testing can prevent lead poisoning.

5. Vaccination Evaluation

Doctors will verify children's vaccination records and evaluate whether they have completed the national immunization plan vaccines as planned. At the same time, non immunization vaccines will be recommended based on the age and health status of children. Vaccination assessment can ensure that children receive sufficient immune protection and prevent infectious diseases.

The physical examination for children will focus on different age groups, with emphasis on screening for congenital diseases in the neonatal period, developmental assessment in the early childhood period, and increased visual and auditory examinations in the school-age period. Parents are advised to regularly take their children for physical examinations, establish health records, and promptly identify and address health issues. After the physical examination, it is necessary to follow the doctor's advice for necessary follow-up or specialized treatment, while paying attention to maintaining a balanced diet, sufficient sleep, and moderate exercise to promote the healthy growth of children.