What are the causes and symptoms of high blood pressure and low blood pressure

Low blood pressure, also known as elevated diastolic blood pressure, may be caused by genetic, environmental, physiological, traumatic, or pathological factors. Common symptoms include dizziness, palpitations, fatigue, etc. If left uncontrolled for a long time, it may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Effective management can be achieved through lifestyle adjustments, medication treatment, and regular monitoring.

1. Genetic factors: People with a family history of hypertension are more likely to experience low blood pressure and high blood pressure. Genes may affect vascular elasticity and cardiac function, leading to an increase in diastolic blood pressure. It is recommended that individuals with a family history regularly monitor their blood pressure to detect and intervene early.

2. Environmental factors: Long term exposure to high-pressure work or living environments, lack of exercise, high salt and high-fat diets, etc. can all lead to low blood pressure and high blood fat. Reducing salt intake and increasing foods rich in potassium and magnesium, such as bananas and spinach, can help lower blood pressure.

3. Physiological factors: As age increases, vascular elasticity decreases, heart function weakens, which may lead to an increase in diastolic blood pressure. Maintaining moderate exercise such as brisk walking and swimming can help enhance cardiovascular function and improve blood pressure levels.

4. Trauma: Head or chest trauma may affect heart and vascular function, leading to abnormal blood pressure. After trauma, close attention should be paid to changes in blood pressure, and medical examination should be sought if necessary.

5. Pathological diseases: Kidney diseases, endocrine disorders such as hyperthyroidism, and other pathological conditions may lead to low blood pressure and high blood pressure. Treat specific diseases, such as controlling proteinuria in patients with kidney disease and adjusting thyroid hormone levels in patients with hyperthyroidism. The hazards of high blood pressure and low blood pressure include an increased risk of heart disease, stroke, renal failure, etc. Long term uncontrolled hypertension may lead to arteriosclerosis and affect organ function throughout the body. Drug therapy such as ACE inhibitors and calcium channel blockers, combined with a healthy lifestyle, can effectively control blood pressure and reduce the risk of complications. Regular monitoring of blood pressure, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, and seeking timely medical treatment are key to managing low and high blood pressure. Through comprehensive measures, the risk of cardiovascular disease can be effectively reduced and the quality of life can be improved.