Reasons for high blood pressure and high blood pressure

High blood pressure is usually caused by genetic, environmental, physiological, traumatic, or pathological factors, and can be improved through lifestyle adjustments, medication treatment, or surgical intervention.

1. Genetic factors

Hypertension has a significant familial clustering, and individuals with a history of hypertension in their parents or immediate family members have a higher risk of developing the disease. Genes may affect vascular tone, renal sodium excretion function, etc., leading to elevated blood pressure. For this group of people, it is recommended to regularly monitor blood pressure, detect and intervene early.

2. Environmental factors

Long term high salt diet, lack of exercise, smoking, alcohol consumption, high mental stress and other external factors can all lead to high blood pressure. A high salt diet can increase blood volume, smoking and alcohol consumption can damage vascular endothelium, and mental stress can cause sympathetic nervous system excitation, leading to vascular constriction. It is recommended to control daily salt intake to below 5 grams, quit smoking and limit alcohol consumption, maintain moderate exercise, such as brisk walking for 30 minutes every day, and relieve stress through meditation, deep breathing, and other methods.

3. Physiological factors

As age increases, vascular elasticity decreases, blood pressure regulation ability weakens, and high blood pressure is more likely to occur. Obesity, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and other metabolic diseases will also increase the risk of hypertension. It is recommended to control weight through healthy diet and exercise, reduce the intake of high-fat and high sugar foods, such as eating more vegetables, fruits, and whole grains, and eat less fried foods and desserts.

4. Trauma or pathological factors

Head or neck trauma may affect the blood pressure regulation center, leading to an increase in blood pressure. Certain diseases such as kidney disease, endocrine disorders such as hyperthyroidism, Cushing's syndrome, and aortic stenosis can also cause secondary hypertension. For such situations, it is necessary to actively treat the underlying disease, such as repairing aortic stenosis through surgery or using medication to control hyperthyroidism.

5. Medication therapy

For individuals with severe hypertension, doctors may prescribe antihypertensive drugs. Common medications include calcium channel blockers such as amlodipine, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors such as enalapril, diuretics such as hydrochlorothiazide, etc. The specific medication should be determined by the doctor based on individual circumstances.

6. Surgical treatment

In certain special cases, such as renal artery stenosis or primary aldosteronism, surgical treatment may be necessary. For example, renal artery stenosis can be improved by angioplasty or stent implantation to improve blood flow, while primary aldosteronism can be reduced by removing adrenal tumors to lower blood pressure. High blood pressure is a common health problem with complex and diverse causes, involving multiple factors such as genetics, environment, physiology, trauma, and pathology. By adjusting lifestyle, medication, or surgical intervention, blood pressure can be effectively controlled and the risk of complications can be reduced. It is recommended to regularly monitor blood pressure, seek medical attention in a timely manner, and develop personalized treatment plans under the guidance of doctors.