Is it important to have low MCV and MCH in screening for thalassemia

In the screening of thalassemia, both MCV and MCH are low, and a comprehensive judgment should be made based on specific values and other examinations. In most cases, it suggests the possibility of thalassemia, and in a few cases, it may be related to diseases such as iron deficiency anemia.

MCV refers to the average red blood cell volume, while MCH refers to the average hemoglobin content of red blood cells. Low levels of both are common in carriers of thalassemia or mild patients. This group of people usually have no obvious symptoms, their hemoglobin levels may be normal or slightly reduced, and their daily activities are not affected. But further testing such as hemoglobin electrophoresis and genetic testing is needed to confirm the diagnosis. If diagnosed with thalassemia, there is generally no need for special treatment. It is recommended to regularly monitor blood routine to avoid infection and oxidative stress. Women need to strengthen anemia management during pregnancy. If MCV and MCH are low and accompanied by significant decreases in hemoglobin and serum ferritin, it is necessary to be alert to iron deficiency anemia or other small cell hypochromic anemia. This type of situation may result in symptoms of hypoxia such as fatigue and dizziness, and treatment should be targeted at the primary cause. For example, iron deficiency anemia requires supplementation with iron supplements such as ferrous succinate tablets, polysaccharide iron complex capsules, etc., and screening for chronic blood loss factors. In rare cases, it is necessary to rule out rare blood diseases such as chronic anemia and sideroblastic anemia.

It is recommended to bring a complete examination report to the hematology department for evaluation by a doctor on whether intervention is necessary. Pay attention to a balanced diet in daily life, increase intake of lean meat, animal liver and other foods rich in iron and high-quality protein, and avoid strong tea and coffee that may affect iron absorption. Pregnant or preconceived women should undergo genetic screening for thalassemia in advance.