Is it contagious if the physical examination result is positive

Whether the physical examination result is positive or not is infectious depends on the specific test items. Positive items related to infectious diseases such as novel coronavirus nucleic acid test and hepatitis B surface antigen test may be infectious, while positive items related to non infectious diseases such as tumor markers and hormone levels are usually non infectious. A positive physical examination result may involve infectious disease factors, non communicable disease factors, physiological fluctuations, testing errors, individual differences, and other factors.

1. Infectious disease factors

The positive nucleic acid test of novel coronavirus indicates the existence of virus replication, which can be transmitted through droplets or contact. Hepatitis B surface antigen positive individuals may carry the virus in their blood and body fluids, while syphilis spirochete antibody positive individuals must be transmitted through sexual contact or mother to child transmission. A strong positive result in the pulmonary tuberculin test reflects the risk of tuberculosis infection, but it needs to be combined with sputum examination to determine infectivity. AIDS virus antibody positive blood, semen and other body fluids are infectious.

2. Elevated carcinoembryonic antigen in non communicable diseases

may be associated with colorectal tumors. Alpha fetoprotein positivity is common in liver cancer patients, and these tumor markers are non infectious. Abnormal thyroid stimulating hormone reflects thyroid dysfunction, and excessive glycosylated hemoglobin indicates poor control of diabetes, which belongs to the category of metabolic diseases. Abnormal bone metabolism markers are associated with osteoporosis, and positive test results do not cause interpersonal transmission.

3. Physiological fluctuations

Creatine kinase may temporarily increase after intense exercise, and the CA125 index during menstruation in women may exceed the reference value. The physiological increase in human chorionic gonadotropin levels during pregnancy is considered a normal physiological change. Under stress, the secretion of cortisol increases, and after a high protein diet, the urea nitrogen index increases. These positive results will turn negative as the physiological state recovers.

4. Detection Error

Improper storage of reagents may lead to false positives, and sample hemolysis can affect liver function test results. Improper operation may lead to misjudgment of immune testing bands, and differences in testing methods among different medical institutions can also result in biased results. Special antibodies may cross react with detection reagents, and certain drug components may interfere with the determination of biochemical indicators.

5. Individual Differences

Genetic factors can cause certain enzyme indicators to remain elevated, and racial differences may lead to different hemoglobin reference values. Long term smokers have a higher basal value of carcinoembryonic antigen, and the red blood cell count of high-altitude residents generally exceeds the plain standard. The positive results caused by these individual characteristics need to be interpreted in conjunction with clinical background and usually do not require special intervention. Individuals with a positive physical examination report should retain complete testing documents and have their medical history evaluated professionally by the attending physician. Positive results related to infectious diseases should be isolated and treated according to regulations, and close contacts should receive medical observation. Abnormal non communicable indicators require regular re examination and monitoring of trends, and if necessary, improvement of imaging examinations such as ultrasound and CT. Maintain good sleep habits and avoid overinterpreting single test results. Dynamic observation is more clinically significant than isolated data.