How to check AIDS antibody test

To check the AIDS antibody test, we usually need to pass the blood test in the hospital laboratory. The main methods include ELISA, immunofluorescence test and chemiluminescence.

Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay is the most commonly used AIDS antibody test in hospital outpatient services at present. It needs to collect 3-5 ml of venous blood, react the serum with the synthetic HIV antigen, and judge the results by the color reaction of enzyme markers. Immunofluorescence assay uses fluorescently labeled antibodies to detect viral antibodies in peripheral blood lymphocytes, which has high sensitivity but is complex to operate. The chemiluminescence method uses chemiluminescent substances to label antigen antibody complexes and uses the intensity of the light signal to determine the results, which has the characteristics of high sensitivity and good specificity. If the initial screening is positive, the hospital laboratory will use the other method mentioned above for retesting according to regulations, and may ultimately send the patient to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for immunoblotting confirmation.

At present, Grade A hospitals can usually issue AIDS antibody test reports within 1-3 working days, and some basic hospitals may need 3-5 days. Before the examination, fasting is not necessary but vigorous exercise should be avoided. The blood collection site should be lightly compressed to stop bleeding. The test results may show false positives, which are related to recent vaccination, autoimmune diseases, etc. It is recommended to make a comprehensive judgment based on clinical manifestations and other examinations under the guidance of a doctor. High risk behaviors require a 4-12 week window period for reliable testing, and it is not recommended to test too early or draw conclusions based solely on one result.