Does a low white blood cell count in children affect their immunity

Low white blood cell count in children may affect their immunity. White blood cells are an important component of the immune system, primarily responsible for resisting pathogen invasion. When the number of white blood cells is below the normal range, it may lead to a decrease in immune function and an increased risk of infection. Low white blood cell count in children is commonly caused by viral infections, nutritional deficiencies, or medication effects. Viral infections such as influenza and chickenpox may temporarily suppress bone marrow hematopoietic function, leading to a decrease in white blood cells, which usually gradually recover with infection control. When there is a lack of nutrients, especially vitamin B12, folate, or iron, it may affect white blood cell production, manifested as a mild decrease. Partial antibiotics or antiviral drugs may also cause reversible leukopenia. In rare cases, sustained low white blood cell count may be related to hematological diseases. Aplastic anemia can lead to a decrease in whole blood cells, accompanied by anemia and a tendency to bleed. Congenital immunodeficiency disease may manifest as recurrent severe infections accompanied by white blood cell abnormalities. Some malignant tumors, such as leukemia, may also experience fluctuations in white blood cell count in the early stages, and diagnosis should be made by combining bone marrow puncture and other examinations.

It is recommended that parents regularly monitor their children's blood routine to observe whether they experience symptoms such as recurrent fever, oral ulcers, or skin infections. Pay attention to a balanced diet in daily life, and supplement foods rich in hematopoietic materials such as lean meat and animal liver appropriately. Avoid unauthorized use of drugs that may affect blood cells. If the white blood cell count remains below 3 × 10 ⁹/L or is accompanied by other blood cell abnormalities, it is necessary to seek medical attention promptly to investigate the cause.