Do women preparing for pregnancy need to have their fallopian tubes checked during gynecological examinations?

gynecological examinations for pregnant women usually require examination of the fallopian tubes, and the patency of the fallopian tubes is crucial for conception. The main gynecological examination items include hysterosalpingography, ultrasound examination, hormone level testing, vaginal secretion examination, and cervical cancer screening.

1. Hysterosalpingography

Hysterosalpingography is the main method for evaluating the patency of the fallopian tubes. It determines whether the fallopian tubes are blocked by injecting contrast agent into the uterine cavity and observing its flow under X-rays. Blockage of the fallopian tubes may be related to factors such as pelvic inflammation and endometriosis, and is usually manifested as lower abdominal pain, menstrual abnormalities, and other symptoms. Hysterosalpingography should be performed 3-7 days after menstruation, and pregnancy and acute inflammation should be ruled out before the examination.

2. Ultrasonic examination

Ultrasonic examination can observe the morphological structure of the fallopian tubes and surrounding tissues, which helps to detect problems such as hydrosalpinx and pelvic adhesions. Hydrosalpinx is often caused by chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, which may be accompanied by symptoms such as lower abdominal distension and increased vaginal discharge. Transvaginal ultrasound examination can more clearly display the condition of the fallopian tubes, and the bladder needs to be emptied before the examination.

3. Hormone level testing

Hormone level testing can evaluate ovarian function and ovulation status, indirectly reflecting fallopian tube function. The six tests for sex hormones should be performed at specific times during the menstrual cycle, and an increase in follicle stimulating hormone may indicate a decrease in ovarian reserve function. Endocrine disorders such as polycystic ovary syndrome may lead to ovulation disorders and affect the peristaltic function of the fallopian tubes.

4. Vaginal secretion examination

Vaginal secretion examination can detect reproductive tract infections such as vaginitis and cervicitis, which may lead to salpingitis due to ascending infection. Bacterial vaginosis may increase the risk of pelvic inflammatory disease, manifested as symptoms such as foul discharge and itching of the external genitalia. Vaginal flushing and sexual activity should be avoided 24 hours before the examination.

5. Cervical cancer screening

Cervical cancer screening includes cervical cytology examination and HPV testing, which can detect cervical lesions early. Persistent infection with high-risk HPV may lead to cervical precancerous lesions and affect the pregnancy environment. Cervical conization and other treatments may alter cervical function and increase the risk of tubal infertility.

Pregnant women should undergo gynecological examinations 3-6 months in advance, and seek timely treatment if any problems are found. Keep the external genitalia clean and dry in daily life, and avoid frequent vaginal flushing. Regular sleep schedule, balanced diet, and appropriate supplementation of folic acid and vitamin E. Moderate exercise can help improve pelvic blood circulation, but vigorous exercise should be avoided. Quit smoking and limit alcohol consumption, reduce caffeine intake, and maintain a positive mindset. If fallopian tube problems are found during examination, medication treatment or laparoscopic surgery should be selected under the guidance of a doctor.