Did the physical examination find that the alveoli are emphysema

The discovery of abnormal alveoli during physical examination does not necessarily indicate emphysema, and a comprehensive judgment should be made based on specific imaging features and clinical manifestations. Changes in alveolar structure may be caused by multiple factors. Emphysema is characterized by destruction of alveolar wall and gas retention. It is common in long-term smokers or patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Low density areas and sparse blood vessels can be seen on chest CT. Ordinary alveolar dilation may be caused by physiological factors such as temporary hyperventilation and high-altitude adaptation, and there are no organic lesions on imaging. Other diseases that need to be identified include pulmonary bullae, interstitial lung disease, etc. The former is a localized cystic change, while the latter is often accompanied by grid like shadows. Bronchiectasis may also present with similar imaging findings, but often accompanied by a history of infection and sputum symptoms. It is recommended to improve lung function tests to assess the degree of airflow limitation, and if necessary, perform bronchoscopy or pathological examination. After discovering abnormal alveoli, smoking should be quit and exposure to secondhand smoke should be avoided. Pay attention to changes in symptoms such as coughing and shortness of breath. Maintaining moderate aerobic exercise such as walking and swimming can improve lung function, but it is important to avoid intense exercise that can lead to hypoxia. It is advisable to consume more fruits and vegetables rich in vitamin C, such as broccoli and kiwifruit, and limit foods that are prone to gas production. It is recommended to have chest imaging rechecked every six months. If there is worsening respiratory distress or recurrent infection after physical activity, timely medical attention should be sought from the respiratory department.