AIDS antibody test positive

A positive AIDS antibody test usually means that there is human immunodeficiency virus antibody in the body, suggesting that HIV may be infected. The test results need to be further confirmed by combining nucleic acid testing or Western blot testing, mainly including false positives during the window period, laboratory errors, and HIV infection.

1. Window Period False Positive

2-6 weeks after HIV infection is the window period for antibody production, during which some populations may experience low concentrations of antibodies leading to false positives. It is recommended to combine HIVRNA nucleic acid testing with window period testing. If the nucleic acid test is negative and the antibody test turns negative after 4 weeks, infection can be ruled out. Attention should be paid to the possibility of flu like symptoms such as fever and lymph node enlargement during the acute phase.

2. Laboratory error

Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay may result in cross reactivity leading to false positives, which is common in patients with autoimmune diseases or those who have recently received vaccines. Suggest using detection reagents with different principles for retesting, such as chemiluminescence or immunochromatography. Improper laboratory operations or sample contamination may also affect the accuracy of results.

3. Confirmed HIV infection

requires Western blot testing by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and a positive result requires immediate initiation of antiviral treatment. The early use of combination drugs such as tenofovir alafenamide tablets, domperidone sodium tablets, and lamivudine tablets can effectively inhibit virus replication. Untreated infected people may experience asymptomatic period and then progress to AIDS, with opportunistic infections or tumors.

4. Risk of mother to child transmission

Pregnant women with positive antibodies need to undergo HIV DNA testing to confirm the fetal infection status. Standardized medication during pregnancy can reduce the probability of mother to child transmission to less than 1%. Newborns should receive prophylactic treatment with zidovudine oral solution after birth, and early diagnostic testing should be conducted after 6 weeks of age.

5. Treatment of special populations [SEP]: Within 72 hours after occupational exposure, a blocking regimen should be initiated, using Entricitabine Tenofovir Tablets in combination with Latiravir Potassium Tablets. Individuals with low immune function may experience delayed antibody production and require extended follow-up to 12 weeks. Patients with hepatitis B infection should avoid using a single drug regimen containing lamivudine. After diagnosis, CD4+T lymphocyte count and viral load should be regularly monitored, and a balanced diet and moderate exercise should be maintained to maintain immune function. Avoid raw food and unsterilized dairy products, and receive inactivated vaccines such as pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. All sexual partners are required to undergo testing, and using condoms can prevent virus transmission. psychological support can help improve treatment compliance, and professional psychological counseling or patient support organizations can be sought for assistance.