Why is the average hemoglobin concentration low

Low average hemoglobin concentration may be related to factors such as iron deficiency anemia, thalassemia, chronic disease anemia, vitamin B12 deficiency, or folate deficiency. The average hemoglobin concentration is an indicator in blood routine examination, reflecting the concentration of hemoglobin in red blood cells. When it is low, it needs to be comprehensively judged in combination with other indicators.

1. Iron deficiency anemia

Iron deficiency anemia is a common cause of low average hemoglobin concentration, as insufficient iron leads to reduced hemoglobin synthesis. Patients may experience symptoms such as fatigue, dizziness, and pale complexion. Daily intake of iron rich foods such as animal liver and lean meat can be moderately increased. If necessary, iron supplements such as ferrous sulfate tablets and oral solution of iron dextran can be used according to medical advice.

2. Thalassemia

Thalassemia is a hereditary hemolytic anemia caused by impaired synthesis of globin peptide chains, resulting in abnormal hemoglobin structure. The patient may experience symptoms such as jaundice and splenomegaly. Mild thalassemia usually does not require special treatment, while moderate to severe cases require regular blood transfusions or medication such as deferoxamine injection to control iron overload.

3. Chronic disease anemia

Chronic inflammation, tumors, or autoimmune diseases may inhibit bone marrow hematopoietic function, leading to a decrease in average hemoglobin concentration. Patients often have primary symptoms such as fever and joint pain. Treatment should be targeted at the primary disease, and recombinant human erythropoietin injection can be used according to medical advice to improve anemia.

4. Vitamin B12 deficiency

Long term vegetarianism or gastrointestinal absorption disorders may lead to vitamin B12 deficiency, affecting red blood cell maturation. The patient may experience symptoms such as numbness in the hands and feet, glossitis, etc. Moderate consumption of fish and eggs can be used to supplement vitamin B12. In severe cases of deficiency, intramuscular injection of vitamin B12 injection is necessary.

5. Folic acid deficiency

Insufficient intake or increased demand for folic acid may lead to megaloblastic anemia, manifested as a decrease in mean hemoglobin concentration. Pregnant women or long-term drinkers are prone to folate deficiency. It is recommended to increase the intake of green leafy vegetables and, if necessary, take folic acid tablets orally for treatment. When the average hemoglobin concentration is found to be low, it is recommended to complete tests such as iron metabolism and hemoglobin electrophoresis to clarify the cause. Pay attention to a balanced diet in daily life, avoid excessive dieting, and anemic patients should avoid vigorous exercise. If accompanied by obvious symptoms such as fatigue and palpitations, it is necessary to seek medical attention from a hematology department in a timely manner to avoid self medication to cover up the condition.