Which makes people happier, endorphins or dopamine

The contributions of endorphins and dopamine to happiness perception vary in different contexts. Dopamine is mainly associated with expectation and reward mechanisms, while endorphins are more associated with pain relief and post exercise pleasure. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that primarily functions in the reward system of the brain. When individuals receive rewards or achieve goals, dopamine levels increase, producing pleasure and satisfaction. This mechanism plays a key role in motivating behavior, such as the happy experience of completing work tasks or enjoying food. The release of dopamine is associated with short-term pleasure, but excessive dependence on external stimuli may lead to addictive behavior. Endorphins are endogenous opioid substances that are typically released when the body experiences pain or stress. It can alleviate discomfort and create a sense of calm and pleasure, such as the relaxation after a long run or the comfort during pain relief. The role of endorphins is more focused on physiological regulation, helping the body restore balance under stress. Maintaining regular exercise helps with the natural release of endorphins, while establishing a healthy reward mechanism can promote balanced dopamine secretion.

It is recommended to comprehensively regulate the secretion of two substances through diversified activities such as social interaction, artistic creation, etc., to avoid relying solely on a certain pleasure mechanism. When emotional regulation disorders occur, professional psychological support should be sought in a timely manner.