What to do if prothrombin time activity is low

Low prothrombin time activity can be intervened by supplementing vitamin K, treating liver diseases, adjusting anticoagulant drugs, administering plasma, improving dietary habits, and other methods. The abnormality of this indicator is usually caused by vitamin K deficiency, liver dysfunction, warfarin overdose, disseminated intravascular coagulation, genetic coagulation factor deficiency, and other reasons.

1. Supplementing with Vitamin K:

Vitamin K is an essential substance for synthesizing clotting factors, and a deficiency can lead to prolonged prothrombin time. It can be supplemented by consuming dark green vegetables such as spinach and broccoli. In severe cases of deficiency, intramuscular injection of vitamin K1 injection is required. Long term use of antibiotics or patients with fat absorption disorders should be closely monitored.

2. Treatment of liver diseases:

Liver diseases such as cirrhosis and hepatitis can affect the synthesis of coagulation factors. Liver protective drugs such as Silymarin capsules and compound glycyrrhizin tablets should be used for treatment, while controlling factors that contribute to liver disease progression, such as abstinence from alcohol and antiviral therapy. After the recovery of liver function, coagulation indicators can often improve.

3. Adjusting anticoagulant drugs:

Excessive use of anticoagulant drugs such as warfarin can inhibit vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. The dosage should be adjusted according to the INR value, and vitamin K should be used as an antagonist if necessary. During medication, regular monitoring of coagulation function is necessary to avoid increasing the risk of bleeding when combined with aspirin and other medications.

4. Plasma infusion: In cases of acute bleeding or severe coagulation dysfunction, fresh frozen plasma should be infused to supplement coagulation factors. Suitable for disseminated intravascular coagulation and emergency correction before major surgery. After infusion, coagulation indicators need to be rechecked, and if necessary, combined with cold precipitation infusion.

5. Improving dietary habits:

For those who have a long-term preference for food or have poor digestion and absorption, they need to increase their intake of foods rich in vitamin K, such as animal liver and egg yolks. To avoid long-term use of mineral oil laxatives that affect the absorption of fat soluble vitamins, and for patients with chronic diarrhea, it is recommended to supplement probiotics to regulate intestinal function.

It is recommended to regularly test the four coagulation indicators, maintain moderate exercise to promote blood circulation, and avoid excessive exercise leading to traumatic bleeding. Prioritize steaming and boiling methods when cooking to reduce nutrient loss and limit high-fat diets to alleviate liver burden. When symptoms such as spontaneous gum bleeding and subcutaneous bruising occur, timely medical attention should be sought, and coagulation factor activity testing and genetic screening should be performed to rule out genetic diseases. Women of childbearing age should pay special attention to coagulation function before planning pregnancy, and if necessary, intervene under the guidance of obstetrics and hematology departments.