What tests should be done for splenomegaly combined with anemia

Splenomegaly combined with anemia usually requires blood routine, bone marrow puncture, abdominal ultrasound, liver function examination, iron metabolism examination, and other tests. Splenomegaly combined with anemia may be related to factors such as infection, hematological diseases, liver diseases, etc. It is recommended to seek medical attention in a timely manner and actively treat after identifying the cause.

1. Blood routine

Blood routine is the basic examination for splenomegaly combined with anemia, which can understand the quantity and morphology of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, and preliminarily determine the type and degree of anemia. Patients with splenomegaly and anemia may experience reduced red blood cells, abnormal white blood cells, and decreased platelets. Blood routine examination helps doctors to preliminarily determine the cause and provide direction for subsequent examinations.

2. Bone marrow puncture

Bone marrow puncture can clarify the hematopoietic function of the bone marrow and help diagnose splenomegaly combined with anemia caused by hematological diseases. Bone marrow aspiration can observe the morphology, quantity, and proportion of hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow, and determine whether there are any abnormalities in hematopoietic function. Bone marrow aspiration is an important method for diagnosing diseases such as aplastic anemia, leukemia, and myelodysplastic syndrome.

3. Abdominal ultrasound

Abdominal ultrasound can observe the size, shape, and structure of the spleen, and determine the degree and cause of splenomegaly. Patients with splenomegaly and anemia can determine whether the spleen is enlarged and whether there are splenic mass lesions through abdominal ultrasound. Abdominal ultrasound can also observe the condition of organs such as the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas, helping to determine whether there is splenomegaly caused by liver disease.

4. Liver function test

Liver function test can evaluate liver function and determine whether there is splenomegaly combined with anemia caused by liver disease. Abnormal liver function may lead to splenomegaly and anemia. Liver function tests can determine whether indicators such as transaminase, bilirubin, and albumin are normal. Liver function tests can help diagnose splenomegaly combined with anemia caused by diseases such as cirrhosis and hepatitis.

5. Iron metabolism examination

Iron metabolism examination can determine the content and utilization of iron in the body, helping to diagnose iron deficiency anemia or splenomegaly combined with anemia caused by other iron metabolism abnormalities. Iron metabolism examination includes indicators such as serum iron, ferritin, transferrin saturation, etc. Abnormal iron metabolism may lead to anemia, and iron metabolism examination can help clarify the type and cause of anemia. Patients with splenomegaly and anemia should pay attention to rest and avoid vigorous exercise in daily life to prevent spleen rupture. In terms of diet, it is important to ensure a balanced nutrition by consuming foods rich in iron, vitamin B12, and folate, such as lean meat, animal liver, and green leafy vegetables. Avoid drinking alcohol and consuming stimulating foods to avoid increasing the burden on the liver. Regularly review, monitor changes in the condition, and follow medical advice for treatment.