What tests need to be done before medical abortion

Before medical abortion, it is usually necessary to complete blood routine, coagulation function, B-ultrasound, routine vaginal discharge, electrocardiogram and other examinations. These examinations help evaluate pregnancy status, rule out contraindications, and reduce surgical risks.

1. Blood routine

Blood routine examination can determine the presence of anemia or infection. Anemia during pregnancy may affect the safety of medical abortion, while infection requires controlling inflammation before medical abortion. The examination items include indicators such as hemoglobin and white blood cell count. If hemoglobin is below a certain value or white blood cells are abnormally elevated, doctors may recommend delaying medical abortion and providing symptomatic treatment.

2. Coagulation function

Coagulation function tests can detect potential bleeding risks. Mifepristone and other abortion drugs may cause uterine bleeding, and patients with coagulation dysfunction may experience severe bleeding. The examination includes prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, etc. If there are abnormalities, the plan should be adjusted or other termination methods should be chosen.

3. B-ultrasound examination

B-ultrasound is used to confirm intrauterine pregnancy and gestational sac size. Medical abortion is only applicable to intrauterine pregnancies within 49 days, and is contraindicated for patients with ectopic pregnancies. By measuring the diameter of the gestational sac, it can be determined whether it meets the time limit for medical abortion and exclude abnormal pregnancies such as molar pregnancy. Before the examination, it is necessary to hold urine to fill the bladder and improve imaging clarity.

4. White discharge routine

White discharge routine can screen for vaginal inflammation. Severe vaginitis may increase the risk of ascending infection after medical abortion and requires treatment before medical abortion. The inspection includes items such as cleanliness, trichomonas, and mold. If pathogen infection is found, medication such as metronidazole suppositories and clotrimazole vaginal tablets should be used for control before evaluation.

5. Electrocardiogram

Electrocardiogram can evaluate the functional status of the heart. Misoprostol may cause adverse reactions such as palpitations, and patients with heart disease should use it with caution. Examination can reveal issues such as arrhythmia and myocardial ischemia. Abnormal cases require consultation with a cardiologist to adjust medication plans or switch to induced abortion.

Sexual activity should be avoided one week before medical abortion, and loose clothing should be worn on the day of the examination for ease of operation. After completing the examination, it is necessary to fully communicate with the doctor about the medical abortion process and precautions. If severe abdominal pain or massive bleeding occurs during medication, seek medical attention immediately. Two weeks after abortion, it is necessary to have a follow-up ultrasound to confirm the discharge of pregnancy tissue. Within one month, bathing and vigorous exercise are prohibited, and attention should be paid to perineal cleaning and observing changes in bleeding volume.