What's the reason for the high average volume of red blood cells

A high average volume of red blood cells may be caused by iron deficiency anemia, megaloblastic anemia, chronic liver disease, hypothyroidism, myelodysplastic syndrome, and other reasons. It is necessary to combine blood routine, serum ferritin, vitamin B12 and other tests to confirm the diagnosis.

1. Iron deficiency anemia:

Long term insufficient iron intake or absorption disorders can lead to a decrease in hemoglobin synthesis, and compensatory generation of large immature red blood cells in the bone marrow. Commonly seen in picky eaters and patients with gastrointestinal bleeding, characterized by fatigue and cracked nails. It is necessary to supplement iron supplements such as ferrous succinate and polysaccharide iron complexes, while increasing the intake of iron rich foods such as animal liver and spinach.

2. Megaloblastic anemia:

Vitamin B12 or folate deficiency affects red blood cell DNA synthesis, leading to abnormally enlarged megakaryocytes in the bone marrow. Commonly seen in vegetarians or patients with atrophic gastritis, accompanied by glossitis and limb numbness. Treatment requires intramuscular injection of vitamin B12 or oral folic acid tablets, and daily consumption of lean meat, eggs, milk, and other foods rich in B vitamins.

3. Chronic liver disease:

Liver disease leads to abnormal lipid metabolism, and cholesterol deposition on the red blood cell membrane causes cell volume to expand. This phenomenon is common in patients with cirrhosis, often accompanied by spider nevi and liver palms. It is necessary to treat the primary disease by limiting alcohol intake and supplementing liver protective drugs such as silymarin.

4. Hypothyroidism:

Insufficient thyroid hormone slows down bone marrow hematopoietic function and increases the proportion of aging red blood cells in peripheral blood. Patients often have a fear of cold and weight gain, and need to take levothyroxine sodium replacement therapy. TSH levels should be monitored regularly, and iodine rich foods such as seaweed and seaweed should be consumed appropriately.

5. Abnormal bone marrow proliferation:

Abnormal cloning of hematopoietic stem cells leads to impaired red blood cell maturation, resulting in large volumes of pathological red blood cells in peripheral blood. Middle aged and elderly patients should be vigilant as they may progress to leukemia. Diagnosis relies on bone marrow aspiration, and treatment includes immune modulators such as lenalidomide or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

It is recommended to regularly review the blood routine to observe changes in indicators, and avoid vigorous exercise or excessive drinking before the examination. Maintain a balanced diet in daily life, supplement hematopoietic materials such as lean meat and dark vegetables in moderation, and patients with thyroid diseases should strictly follow medical advice to adjust the dosage. Individuals with long-term abnormal indicators should undergo specialized examinations such as bone marrow biopsy and genetic testing. It is recommended that individuals aged 40 and above undergo annual cancer prevention examinations. Pregnant women and elderly individuals can undergo targeted screening for anemia related items such as serum ferritin and homocysteine.