What psychological disorders do adolescent children have

The psychological disorders that may occur in adolescent children mainly include adaptation disorders, anxiety disorders, depression disorders, eating disorders, conduct disorders, etc. Adolescence is a critical period for psychological development, and the combination of physiological changes and social pressure can easily lead to emotional and behavioral problems, which require joint attention from parents and schools.

1. Adaptation disorders

During adolescence, when faced with academic pressure, changes in family relationships, or environmental shifts, some children may experience low mood, withdrawal, or loss of control in their behavior. Manifesting as refusal to attend school, strained interpersonal relationships, or sleep disturbances, it is usually directly related to environmental stressors. Parents can alleviate symptoms by strengthening communication and assisting in developing coping plans. If the symptoms persist for more than three months, psychological counseling should be sought.

2. Anxiety disorder

Excessive worry about exam scores, social evaluations, or future prospects is a typical manifestation, often accompanied by physical symptoms such as palpitations and headaches. Some children may develop specific fear or compulsive behaviors, such as repeatedly checking homework and excessive hand washing. Cognitive behavioral therapy and relaxation training have good effects, but in severe cases, anti anxiety medication intervention is needed.

3. Depressive disorders [SEP]: Prolonged emotional depression and decreased interest for more than two weeks should be monitored, which may be accompanied by changes in appetite, self denial, and even self harming behavior. Some children may replace depression with irritability, which can easily be mistaken as rebellion. Early improvement can be achieved through increased exercise and social support, while moderate to severe cases require a combination of psychotherapy and antidepressant medication.

4. Eating disorders

Excessive attention to body shape may lead to anorexia nervosa or bulimia, and girls have a high incidence rate. Manifested as extreme dieting, vomiting, or excessive exercise, often accompanied by body image disorders. Nutritional intervention combined with home treatment is crucial, as severe malnutrition requires hospitalization to prevent organ damage.

5. Conduct disorder

refers to the repeated occurrence of antisocial behaviors such as aggressive behavior, rule breaking, or animal abuse, which are often related to poor upbringing environments. Improvement needs to be achieved through behavior correction training, and central stimulant therapy may be necessary when combined with ADHD. Early intervention can reduce the probability of juvenile delinquency in adulthood. Parents should maintain effective daily communication, pay attention to observing changes in emotional behavior, and avoid attributing it simply to adolescent rebellion. Schools can carry out mental health courses to popularize emotional management skills and establish a green channel for psychological counseling. When persistent abnormalities are detected, timely referral to professional institutions is necessary. The earlier the intervention for most psychological disorders, the better the prognosis. Ensuring sufficient sleep, regular exercise, and a balanced diet in daily life plays a fundamental role in psychological adjustment.