What medicine can be taken to reduce high triglycerides

Elevated triglycerides can be regulated through medication such as fenofibrate, atorvastatin, and omega-3 fatty acid esters, but comprehensive treatment should be combined with lifestyle interventions under the guidance of a doctor. The main intervention methods include lipid-lowering medication treatment, dietary structure adjustment, exercise management, weight control, and alcohol and sugar restriction.

1. Fenofibrate: As a representative of beta lipid-lowering drugs, Fenofibrate enhances lipoprotein lipase activity and accelerates triglyceride breakdown by activating PPAR - α receptors. Suitable for hyperlipidemia mainly characterized by elevated triglycerides, common adverse reactions include gastrointestinal discomfort and elevated creatine kinase. Regular monitoring of liver function is required during medication.

2. Atorvastatin: Although statins mainly lower cholesterol, atorvastatin also has a moderate lowering effect on triglycerides in patients with mixed hyperlipidemia. This drug reduces liver lipid synthesis by inhibiting HMG CoA reductase. When using it, attention should be paid to the risk of rhabdomyolysis and avoid co administration with grapefruit products.

3. Omega-3 fatty acid ethyl ester:

high-purity prescription grade omega-3 preparations can inhibit the synthesis of very low-density lipoprotein in the liver and are suitable for severe hypertriglyceridemia ≥ 500mg/dL. A daily dose of 4g can reduce triglycerides by 30% -45%. Common side effects include hiccups and gastrointestinal discomfort. Patients with bleeding constitution should use with caution.

4. Niacin derivatives:

sustained-release niacin can inhibit hormone sensitive lipase in adipose tissue and reduce the release of free fatty acids. It can reduce triglyceride by 20% -50%, but may cause skin flushing and blood sugar fluctuation. diabetes patients need to strengthen blood sugar monitoring when using it.

5. Cholic acid chelating agents:

Kolexemide and other drugs indirectly regulate blood lipids by blocking the enterohepatic circulation, which has a certain auxiliary effect on patients with mild triglyceride elevation. But it may interfere with the absorption of other drugs, and should be taken 4 hours apart from other drugs. Constipation patients should use it with caution.

Drug therapy should be combined with 30 minutes of aerobic exercise daily, such as brisk walking, swimming, etc; Adopting a Mediterranean diet, increasing intake of deep-sea fish and nuts, and limiting refined carbohydrates to less than 45% of total calories; Male waist circumference should be controlled below 90cm, and female waist circumference should be controlled below 80cm; Completely abstain from strong alcohol and limit red wine to no more than 100ml per day. Recheck blood lipids every 3 months and adjust the plan according to changes in indicators. Pregnant women and those with severe liver and kidney dysfunction should carefully choose medication. Long term management requires endocrinologists to develop individualized plans.