What items should be checked in premarital physical examination

Pre marital physical examination usually includes infectious disease screening, reproductive system examination, genetic disease risk assessment, routine physical examination, and laboratory tests.

1. Infectious disease screening

mainly detects hepatitis B, syphilis, AIDS and other diseases that can be transmitted through close contact. The detection of hepatitis B surface antigen can determine whether there is a risk of hepatitis B virus infection, the treponema pallidum antibody test can screen syphilis infection, and the detection of human immunodeficiency virus antibody is used to exclude AIDS. These checks help to detect potential transmission risks in advance and avoid cross infection after marriage.

2. Reproductive System Examination

Women need to undergo gynecological examinations and ultrasound examinations to evaluate the health status of the uterus and ovaries, and to screen for diseases such as polycystic ovary syndrome that affect fertility. Men need to undergo external genital examination and semen analysis to test sperm motility and quantity. Both parties can evaluate their fertility function through six tests of sex hormones, providing a reference for family planning after marriage.

3. Genetic Disease Risk Assessment

evaluates the probability of carrying common genetic diseases through Mediterranean anemia gene testing, chromosome karyotyping analysis, and other projects. Especially for couples with a family history of genetic diseases, it is advisable to understand the risk of disease in their offspring in advance and seek genetic counseling if necessary. Some institutions also provide screening for monogenic diseases such as deafness genes and spinal muscular atrophy.

4. Routine physical examination

includes basic items such as blood pressure, heart rate, vision, hearing, as well as physical examinations such as cardiopulmonary auscultation and abdominal palpation. Can detect common health problems such as hypertension and arrhythmia, while assessing overall nutritional status. Oral examination can detect oral diseases such as dental caries and periodontal disease, and avoid affecting the quality of life.

5. Laboratory examination

Blood routine examination can reflect anemia, infection and other conditions, urine routine examination can screen kidney disease and diabetes, liver function examination can assess liver metabolic capacity, and renal function examination can exclude kidney disease. Some packages include thyroid function, blood lipid and blood glucose testing, which can help detect metabolic abnormalities. According to individual needs, specialized examinations such as tumor markers can also be added.

It is recommended to consult the local maternal and child health institution in advance to understand the specific items, maintain sufficient sleep before the examination, and avoid vigorous exercise. Women should avoid the menstrual period and fasting for 8 hours on the day of the examination. Some items such as semen examination require abstinence for 3-7 days. After completing the examination, the results can be fully communicated with the doctor, and if necessary, vaccination or specialized treatment can be administered to prepare for a healthy life after marriage.