What is the reason for high levels of urea nitrogen and uric acid

Elevated levels of urea nitrogen and uric acid may be caused by high protein diet, dehydration, renal dysfunction, gouty arthritis, medication side effects, etc. They can be improved by adjusting dietary structure, increasing water intake, medication treatment, controlling purine intake, and regular follow-up.

1. High protein diet:

In the short term, consuming a large amount of high protein foods such as meat and seafood can increase the burden of nitrogen metabolism, leading to an increase in urea nitrogen synthesis. It is recommended to control the daily protein intake at 1-1.2 grams per kilogram of body weight, and prioritize high-quality protein sources such as eggs and tofu. Long term excessive intake may exacerbate renal excretion pressure.

2. Dehydration state: When there is insufficient body fluid, blood concentration can cause a false increase in urea nitrogen, which is commonly seen in situations such as failure to replenish water in a timely manner after intense exercise or diarrhea and vomiting. A daily water intake of 2000-2500 milliliters should be ensured, and after exercise, diluted salt water containing electrolytes should be supplemented. Avoid prolonged water deprivation before fasting in the morning.

3. Renal dysfunction: When the glomerular filtration rate decreases, the excretion of urea nitrogen is obstructed, which may be accompanied by an increase in creatinine. It is common in chronic nephritis, diabetes nephropathy and other diseases, usually accompanied by increased nocturia, edema of lower limbs and other symptoms. Further examinations such as urine routine and renal ultrasound are required, and if necessary, kidney protective drugs such as Uremic Clearance Granules should be used.

4. Gouty arthritis: When uric acid crystals deposit and cause joint inflammation, hematuria acid often exceeds 420 μ mol/L. During acute attacks, joint redness, swelling, and pain may occur, especially in the first metatarsophalangeal joint. It is necessary to restrict high purine foods such as animal organs and beer. Colchicine can be used during the acute phase, and benzbromarone can be taken during the remission phase to promote excretion.

3. Drug side effects:

Diuretics, immunosuppressants, and other drugs may interfere with uric acid metabolism, while aspirin can inhibit renal excretion function. About 30% of patients who take the anti tuberculosis drug pyrazinamide for a long time will experience elevated uric acid levels. Adjust the medication plan under the guidance of a doctor to avoid self discontinuation.

It is recommended to maintain a daily water intake of at least 1500 milliliters to promote metabolism, and choose low-fat dairy products, fresh fruits and vegetables, and other alkaline foods to neutralize uric acid. Perform 3-5 aerobic exercises per week such as brisk walking, swimming, etc. to improve circulation, but during gout attacks, rest should be stopped. Regular monitoring of renal function indicators is recommended, with uric acid levels below 420 μ mol/L for males and not exceeding 360 μ mol/L for females. When there is persistent joint pain or significant changes in urine output, it is necessary to seek timely medical attention from a nephrologist.