What is the reason for high immunoglobulin G levels

Elevated immunoglobulin G levels may be caused by chronic infections, autoimmune diseases, liver diseases, multiple myeloma, benign monoclonal immunoglobulin disease, and other factors. Elevated levels of immunoglobulin G usually indicate the presence of immune system abnormalities or specific pathological states in the body, and require comprehensive judgment in conjunction with other examinations.

1. Chronic infection: Long term bacterial, viral, or parasitic infections can stimulate the immune system to continuously produce antibodies. Tuberculosis, chronic hepatitis, AIDS and other diseases will lead to the compensatory increase of immunoglobulin G, which is the normal immune response of the body against pathogens. After infection control, many indicators can gradually return to normal.

2. Autoimmune diseases: In diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis, the immune system mistakenly attacks its own tissues, producing a large amount of autoantibodies. These abnormal antibodies mostly belong to immunoglobulin G type, and their levels can be significantly increased during examination, accompanied by positive results of specific markers such as anti nuclear antibodies.

3. Liver disease:

Patients with liver diseases such as cirrhosis and chronic active hepatitis have abnormal liver synthesis function, and portal vein shunting allows intestinal antigens to directly enter the systemic circulation, stimulating excessive proliferation of B cells. Patients with elevated immunoglobulin G often have a decrease in albumin, resulting in an inverted ratio of globulin to albumin.

4. Multiple myeloma:

Abnormal proliferation of malignant plasma cells can secrete a single type of immunoglobulin G, called M protein. This elevation usually presents as a monoclonal pattern, and the value is significantly higher than the normal value by several times. Patients often have clinical manifestations such as bone pain and anemia, and need to be diagnosed through bone marrow puncture.

5. Benign monoclonal immunoglobulin disease:

Some middle-aged and elderly people may experience mild elevation of immunoglobulin G for unknown reasons, but there is no evidence of malignant tumors. This situation belongs to age-related immune system dysfunction and requires regular monitoring of changes in indicators to be alert to the possibility of developing into malignant diseases. When immunoglobulin G is found to be high, complete blood routine, liver function, protein electrophoresis and other tests should be performed to clarify the cause. Maintain a regular daily routine and avoid overexertion; Pay attention to supplementing high-quality protein such as fish and soy products in diet, and limit high-fat foods; Moderate aerobic exercise such as brisk walking and swimming can enhance immunity. It is recommended to review the changes in indicators every 3-6 months. If there is a continuous increase or symptoms such as weight loss and bone pain, it is necessary to seek medical attention from a hematology department in a timely manner. For patients with autoimmune diseases, it is necessary to strictly follow the doctor's advice on medication to control the progression of the condition.