What is the reason for discovering white spots on a child's face during a physical examination

The appearance of white spots on a child's face may be related to causes such as pityriasis albuginea, tinea versicolor, vitiligo, anemic nevi, and depigmented nevi. Diagnosis can be confirmed through methods such as dermatoscopy and Wood lamp examination. It is recommended that parents take their children to seek medical attention in a timely manner and receive targeted treatment under the guidance of a doctor.

1. White pityriasis

White pityriasis is commonly seen on the face of children, manifested as round or oval pale white patches with blurred boundaries, and may have small scales on the surface. The onset of the disease is related to sun exposure, dry skin, or vitamin deficiency. Parents should pay attention to sun protection for their children, use mild moisturizers, and if necessary, follow medical advice to apply weak acting hormone ointments such as hydrocortisone butyrate cream or supplement with compound vitamin B tablets.

2. Tinea versicolor

is a fungal skin disease caused by Malassezia infection, with white spots that can merge into patches and accompanied by slight flaking. It is more common in summer. Parents should pay attention to keeping their children's skin clean and dry, and avoid wearing breathable clothing. The doctor may prescribe bifonazole cream or ketoconazole wash, and in severe cases, oral itraconazole capsules.

3. Vitiligo

presents as well-defined porcelain white patches, which may be related to autoimmune abnormalities. In the early stage, topical calcium phosphatase inhibitors such as tacrolimus ointment can be used locally, or combined with narrow-band ultraviolet therapy. Parents need to help their children with psychological counseling to avoid new skin lesions caused by external injuries.

4. Anemic nevus

is caused by congenital local vascular development abnormalities, resulting in redness of the surrounding skin after friction of the white spot, but the white spot does not change color. Generally, there is no need for treatment. Parents should pay attention to observing changes in skin lesions. If it affects appearance, they can consult a doctor to consider laser treatment.

5. Pigmented nevi

Localized depigmentation spots that appear at birth or in childhood, with serrated edges that expand proportionally with the body. At present, there is no specific treatment method. Parents should pay attention to daily sun protection and use covering agents if necessary to improve appearance. In daily life, parents should avoid exposing their children to excessive sun exposure and choose breathable cotton clothing to ensure a balanced intake of nutrients. Regularly observe changes in white spots, and if symptoms such as spreading or itching occur, seek timely follow-up. It is not recommended to use folk remedies or purchase drugs online for treatment. Some vitiligo diseases require long-term follow-up management, and early standardized intervention can help improve prognosis.