What is high uric acid and what are its hazards

High uric acid levels may be caused by abnormal purine metabolism, high purine diet, renal dysfunction, drug factors, genetic factors, and other reasons. Long term elevated uric acid levels can lead to hazards such as gouty arthritis, uric acid kidney stones, chronic kidney disease, etc.

1. Abnormal purine metabolism:

Disruption of purine metabolism in the human body can lead to excessive production of uric acid. Purine is a component of nucleic acid and is metabolized to produce uric acid. When enzymes are deficient or metabolic pathways are abnormal, uric acid synthesis increases. This condition is common in congenital metabolic defects and requires restriction of high purine food intake and medication treatment.

2. High purine diet:

Long term intake of high purine foods such as animal organs, seafood, and concentrated meat soup can increase uric acid levels. The purines in these foods are broken down in the body to produce a large amount of uric acid. Suggest adjusting the dietary structure and increasing the intake of alkaline foods such as low-fat dairy products and fresh vegetables.

3. Abnormal renal function:

The kidneys are the main organ for uric acid excretion, and a decrease in renal function can lead to a reduction in uric acid excretion. Chronic kidney disease, hypertensive nephropathy and other diseases can affect the secretion function of uric acid by renal tubules. This situation requires treatment of the primary disease, and if necessary, the use of drugs that promote uric acid excretion.

4. Drug factors:

Diuretics, anti tuberculosis drugs, and other medications may interfere with uric acid excretion. These drugs competitively inhibit the secretion of uric acid by renal tubules, leading to an increase in blood uric acid levels. During medication, uric acid levels should be regularly monitored and medication plans adjusted if necessary.

5. Genetic factors:

Some populations have genetic polymorphisms related to uric acid metabolism, leading to increased uric acid synthesis or decreased excretion. This group of people is more prone to hyperuricemia and needs to pay attention to dietary control and regular physical examinations from a young age.

Elevated uric acid levels may not have obvious symptoms in the early stages, but long-term high uric acid levels can cause various health problems. Gouty arthritis is characterized by sudden redness, swelling, and pain in the joints, commonly found in the first metatarsophalangeal joint; Uric acid induced kidney stones can cause renal colic and hematuria; Chronic uric acid nephropathy may lead to gradual deterioration of kidney function. Daily attention should be paid to maintaining sufficient drinking water, with a recommended daily water intake of 2000-3000 milliliters, to promote uric acid excretion. Engage in appropriate aerobic exercise such as brisk walking, swimming, etc., but avoid intense exercise that may trigger gout attacks. Regularly monitor blood uric acid levels, which should be controlled below 420 μ mol/L for males and below 360 μ mol/L for females. When symptoms such as joint swelling and pain or back pain occur, seek medical attention promptly to avoid delaying treatment.