What is a high basophil ratio

A high basophil ratio may be caused by allergic reactions, chronic inflammation, myeloproliferative disorders, endocrine disorders, or drug factors. The main reasons include allergen stimulation, chronic infection, polycythemia vera, thyroid dysfunction, and use of glucocorticoids.

1. Allergic reactions:

When exposed to pollen, dust mites, or food allergens, eosinophils release histamine to participate in the immune response, leading to an increase in the ratio. Commonly accompanied by symptoms such as itching and urticaria, it is necessary to determine the cause through allergen testing, and if necessary, use antihistamines such as loratadine to control the symptoms.

2. Chronic inflammation:

Long term inflammatory conditions such as tuberculosis and rheumatoid arthritis will stimulate the hematopoietic function of bone marrow and increase the production of basophils. Patients usually present with low-grade fever, joint swelling and pain, and require targeted anti infection or immune regulation therapy for the primary disease.

3. Bone marrow proliferative diseases:

Diseases such as polycythemia vera and chronic myeloid leukemia lead to abnormal proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells and a significant increase in absolute eosinophil count. May be accompanied by splenomegaly and thrombosis, and diagnosis should be made through bone marrow puncture, with treatment using hydroxyurea or interferon.

4. Endocrine disorders:

During hypothyroidism, the basal metabolic rate decreases, and the accumulation of cellular metabolites stimulates the release of eosinophils from the bone marrow. Patients often have symptoms such as chills and weight gain, and need to supplement with levothyroxine sodium to correct hormone levels.

5. Drug effects:

Long term use of glucocorticoids such as prednisone can interfere with white blood cell classification and count, causing an increase in the relative value of eosinophils. Usually, it gradually recovers after discontinuation of medication and requires regular monitoring of changes in blood routine. When the eosinophil ratio is consistently high, it is recommended to improve allergen screening, inflammation index testing, and bone marrow examination. Daily exposure to known allergens should be avoided, adequate sleep should be maintained to regulate immune function, and moderate supplementation of vitamin C and vitamin E should be taken to alleviate oxidative stress. Patients with combined chronic diseases should undergo regular blood routine check to avoid tissue hypoxia induced by intense exercise. If accompanied by bleeding tendency or persistent fever, seek medical attention immediately to check for hematological diseases.