What does a high red blood cell count in urine test indicate

A high red blood cell count in urine tests may be caused by urinary tract infections, kidney stones, nephritis, urinary system tumors, or vigorous exercise, and further diagnosis should be made in combination with other indicators.

1. Urinary tract infection: When bacteria invade the urethra, bladder, or kidneys and cause inflammation, red blood cells may appear in the urine. Common symptoms include frequent urination, urgency, and pain during urination. Treatment requires selecting antibiotics based on the pathogen, such as levofloxacin and cefuroxime, while increasing water intake to promote bacterial excretion.

2. Kidney stones:

During the movement of the stones, they scratch the epithelium of the urinary tract, causing red blood cells to enter the urine. Most patients have symptoms such as lower back pain and hematuria. Stones smaller than 6 millimeters can be expelled by drinking plenty of water and taking stone expelling particles; Larger stones require extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy or ureteroscopy surgery. 3. Nephritis: When the glomerular filtration membrane is damaged, red blood cells can leak into the urine. Acute nephritis is common after streptococcal infection, characterized by hematuria, proteinuria, and edema; Chronic nephritis may be caused by hypertension, diabetes, etc. The pathological type needs to be determined through renal biopsy, and commonly used therapeutic drugs include valsartan, prednisone, etc.

4. Urinary tumor:

Rupture of blood vessels in tumor tissues such as bladder cancer and kidney cancer will lead to continuous painless hematuria. Diagnosis requires cystoscopy, CT and other examinations. Early stage tumors can be treated through transurethral tumor resection or partial nephrectomy, while late stage tumors require a combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

5. physiological factors:

Intense exercise, menstrual pollution, or prolonged standing may lead to transient increases in red blood cells. This type of situation usually has no other abnormal symptoms, and re examination of urine routine can often restore normalcy. Women should avoid menstrual testing and clean their external genitalia before sampling to avoid contamination. When abnormal urine red blood cells are found, it is recommended to improve the morphological examination of urine red blood cells to distinguish between renal and non renal hematuria. Maintain a daily water intake of at least 2000 milliliters to avoid holding urine and excessive fatigue. Limit high salt and high purine diets, and use nephrotoxic drugs with caution. Long term smokers over 40 years old who experience painless hematuria should be promptly screened for tumors. Regular follow-up of urine routine and urinary system ultrasound can help monitor changes in the condition.