What diseases can high triglycerides cause

High triglycerides may induce acute pancreatitis, atherosclerosis, fatty liver, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome and other diseases. Long term uncontrolled conditions may further lead to serious complications such as coronary heart disease and stroke.

1. Acute pancreatitis: When triglyceride levels exceed 5.6 mmol/L, an increase in chylomicrons in the blood may block pancreatic microvessels, activate pancreatic enzymes, and trigger self digestion. The typical manifestation is sudden severe upper abdominal pain accompanied by nausea and vomiting, and in severe cases, multiple organ failure may occur. Rapid lipid-lowering through plasma exchange, while fasting and intravenous nutritional support are required.

2. Atherosclerosis:

Excessive triglycerides promote the oxidation and deposition of low-density lipoprotein in the vascular wall, forming arterial plaque. In the early stages, there may be no symptoms, but as the plaque grows, ischemic manifestations such as angina and intermittent claudication may occur. In addition to taking lipid-lowering drugs such as fenofibrate, it is necessary to strictly control the intake of saturated fat. 3. Non alcoholic fatty liver: If the triglyceride content in the liver exceeds 5%, it constitutes fatty liver, and long-term progression can lead to liver fibrosis. Most patients only present with mild upper right abdominal discomfort, which can be diagnosed through ultrasound examination. The treatment requires a weight loss of 5-10% and increased aerobic exercise, combined with medication such as orlistat if necessary.

Type 4 and 2 diabetes:

The increase of free fatty acids will inhibit insulin signal transduction, leading to insulin resistance. Patients may experience symptoms such as excessive drinking and urination, and slow wound healing. In addition to monitoring blood sugar, it is recommended to adopt a Mediterranean diet pattern and use drugs such as metformin to improve metabolism.

5. Metabolic syndrome:

When combined with abdominal obesity, hypertension, or hyperglycemia, it constitutes metabolic syndrome, and the risk of cardiovascular disease increases threefold. The typical manifestation is an excess waist circumference of ≥ 90cm in males and ≥ 85cm in females with echinoderms nigra. Comprehensive intervention is needed for blood lipids, blood pressure, and blood glucose, with priority given to GLP-1 receptor agonists that have multiple metabolic improvement effects.

To control triglycerides, it is necessary to establish a long-term health management plan: the daily amount of cooking oil should not exceed 25 grams, and priority should be given to foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids such as deep-sea fish and nuts; Engage in 150 minutes of moderate intensity exercise such as brisk walking and swimming every week; Quit smoking, limit alcohol consumption, and ensure 7 hours of sleep; Regularly check the four levels of blood lipids, especially for those with a family history of cardiovascular disease, who should be rechecked every 3-6 months. When the indicators are still not met after 3 months of dietary and exercise intervention, a medication treatment plan should be initiated under the guidance of a doctor.