What diseases can high levels of eosinophils cause

Elevated levels of eosinophils may be associated with allergic diseases, chronic myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, parasitic infections, endocrine disorders, and other factors. Elevated eosinophils are usually caused by pathological mechanisms such as abnormal immune response, bone marrow proliferation lesions, infection stimulation, hormone disorders, etc., and need to be comprehensively judged in combination with other examination indicators.

1. Allergic diseases:

eosinophils are involved in allergic reactions, and elevated values are common in diseases such as bronchial asthma and urticaria. These patients have increased levels of immunoglobulin E in their bodies, which stimulates eosinophils to release inflammatory mediators such as histamine, causing symptoms such as skin itching and airway spasms. Treatment should avoid contact with allergens and use antihistamines such as loratadine and cetirizine if necessary.

2. Chronic myeloid leukemia:

Bone marrow proliferative tumors can cause abnormal increase in eosinophils, accompanied by synchronous elevation of neutrophils and eosinophils. Patients may experience systemic symptoms such as splenomegaly, night sweats, and low-grade fever. Diagnosis requires bone marrow aspiration and BCR-ABL gene testing, and treatment mainly involves tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as imatinib.

3. Parasitic infection:

Parasitic infections such as roundworms and hookworms can stimulate the body to produce a Th2 type immune response, promoting the proliferation of eosinophils. Often accompanied by symptoms such as increased eosinophils, abdominal pain, and malnutrition. Fecal egg detection can provide a clear diagnosis, and anthelmintics such as albendazole and benzimidazole are the main treatment methods.

4. Myelodysplastic syndrome:

Clonal lesions of hematopoietic stem cells may lead to abnormal differentiation of eosinophils, and these patients often have both decreased blood cells and pathological hematopoiesis. Bone marrow biopsy shows abnormalities in hematopoietic cell development, and treatment requires the selection of demethylating drugs or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation based on classification.

5. Endocrine diseases:

Endocrine disorders such as hypothyroidism and diabetes may affect the regulation of granulopoiesis. Thyroid hormone deficiency can slow down the metabolism of bone marrow cells, leading to a relative increase in eosinophils. After correcting the primary disease, the blood count can usually return to normal.

When elevated eosinophils are found, relevant items such as allergen screening, bone marrow examination, and parasite testing should be improved. Maintain a balanced diet in daily life, supplement vitamin B12 and folic acid in moderation, and avoid contact with known allergens. Regularly monitor changes in blood routine. If there is a sustained abnormal increase or accompanied by symptoms such as weight loss and bone pain, it is necessary to seek timely medical attention from a hematology department to rule out malignant hematological diseases. Moderate aerobic exercise can help improve immune function, but individuals with allergies should avoid exercising in pollen dense environments.