What causes high urea nitrogen

Elevated urea nitrogen levels may be related to factors such as dehydration, high protein diet, renal dysfunction, heart failure, and gastrointestinal bleeding. Urea nitrogen is the final product of protein metabolism, mainly excreted through the kidneys. An increase in its level often reflects a decrease in renal filtration function or abnormal protein metabolism in the body.

1. Dehydration

Prolonged lack of water, excessive sweating, or diarrhea can lead to fluid loss and a relative increase in urea nitrogen concentration after blood concentration. This situation can be alleviated by supplementing water in moderation, usually without special treatment, but it is necessary to avoid not replenishing water in a timely manner after intense exercise.

2. High protein diet

Consuming excessive amounts of high protein foods such as meat and eggs in the short term can increase the burden of protein metabolism and produce more urea nitrogen. After adjusting the dietary structure, the indicators can return to normal. It is recommended to control the daily protein intake at 1-1.2 grams per kilogram of body weight.

3. Abnormal renal function

Chronic nephritis, diabetes nephropathy and other diseases will lead to a decrease in glomerular filtration rate and urea nitrogen excretion. May be accompanied by symptoms such as edema and decreased urine output. Further diagnosis should be made through urine routine and kidney function tests. Medications such as Urinary Toxin Clearing Granules and Kidney Failure Ning Tablets should be used according to medical advice.

4. Heart failure

When the pumping function of the heart is weakened, renal perfusion is insufficient and urea nitrogen is retained in the body. Patients may experience difficulty breathing and lower limb edema, which require diagnosis based on electrocardiogram and BNP testing. Medications such as furosemide and digoxin are commonly used to improve cardiac function.

5. Gastrointestinal bleeding

Bleeding such as gastric ulcers and esophageal varices can cause a large amount of blood protein to be broken down in the intestine, which is absorbed and increases urea nitrogen levels. May be accompanied by black stool and vomiting blood, requiring urgent hemostasis and treatment of the underlying disease, such as using omeprazole enteric coated capsules and thrombin freeze-dried powder. When high levels of urea nitrogen are found, renal function indicators should be rechecked to avoid vigorous exercise and a high salt and high-fat diet. Maintain a daily water intake of 1500-2000 milliliters, limit daily protein intake to 60-80 grams, and prioritize high-quality protein such as fish and soy products. If accompanied by elevated creatinine or abnormal urine output, it is necessary to seek timely medical attention from the nephrology department to complete urine protein quantification, renal ultrasound and other examinations.