What can be checked by gynecological ultrasound

gynecological ultrasound can examine structures related to the female reproductive system, such as the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, and pelvic cavity. It is mainly used to evaluate the morphology, size, position, and presence of abnormal lesions in these organs. Gynecological ultrasound is usually divided into two methods: abdominal ultrasound and vaginal ultrasound, and the examination mainly includes the following aspects.

1. Uterus and Endometrium:

Gynecological ultrasound can clearly display the size, shape, position of the uterus, as well as the thickness and echogenicity of the endometrium. Ultrasound can determine the presence of uterine fibroids, adenomyosis, endometrial polyps, endometrial thickening or atrophy, and other lesions. For women with abnormal bleeding, menstrual irregularities, or suspected uterine structural abnormalities, B-ultrasound is the preferred imaging examination method.

2. Ovaries and Follicles:

B-ultrasound can observe changes in the size, shape, presence of cysts, tumors, or polycystic ovaries of the ovaries. For women preparing for pregnancy, ultrasound can monitor the development of follicles and determine whether ovulation is normal. Common lesions such as ovarian cysts, ovarian chocolate cysts, and ovarian teratomas can be detected by ultrasound and their nature can be preliminarily determined. 3. Fallopian tubes and pelvic cavity: Although B-ultrasound cannot directly display the patency of the fallopian tubes, abnormalities such as hydrosalpinx, fallopian tube thickening, or pelvic fluid accumulation can be detected. Pelvic inflammatory diseases, pelvic adhesions, pelvic masses, and other lesions can also be preliminarily evaluated through ultrasound. For women with chronic pelvic pain or infertility, ultrasound can help detect hidden lesions in the pelvic cavity.

4. Intrauterine device:

Women who have an intrauterine device (IUD) inserted can have their IUD position checked by ultrasound to see if it is in a normal position and if there is any downward movement, insertion, or detachment. If there is abdominal pain, abnormal bleeding, or suspicion of IUD displacement, B-ultrasound can quickly determine the position and status of the IUD, avoiding contraceptive failure or uterine damage caused by abnormal IUD position.

5. Early pregnancy and pregnancy related:

Gynecological ultrasound is an important means of confirming early pregnancy, which can determine whether it is an intrauterine pregnancy, the size of the gestational sac, the presence of fetal heart and embryo, and exclude abnormal pregnancies such as ectopic pregnancy and molar pregnancy. At the same time, B-ultrasound can also evaluate gestational age, fetal development, placental position, and amniotic fluid volume, which is of great value for pregnancy management.

Gynecological ultrasound is a non-invasive, convenient, and safe examination method. It is recommended that women undergo a routine gynecological ultrasound examination once a year, especially for those with menstrual abnormalities, abdominal pain, infertility, or a family history of gynecological tumors. Regular follow-up examinations should be conducted according to medical advice. Before the examination, corresponding preparations should be made according to the type of ultrasound, such as holding urine for abdominal ultrasound and emptying the bladder for vaginal ultrasound, to ensure the accuracy of the examination results.