What are the symptoms of anxiety, depression, and somatization

The somatic symptoms of anxiety and depression mainly include headaches, gastrointestinal discomfort, palpitations, chest tightness, muscle tension, and sleep disorders. These symptoms may be caused by factors such as psychological stress, neurological disorders, endocrine disorders, chronic diseases, or medication side effects.

1. Headache

Headaches caused by anxiety and depression are usually characterized by persistent dull pain or tension, often concentrated in the temples or back of the head. This type of headache is significantly associated with emotional fluctuations, worsening when nervous and decreasing when relaxed. Some patients may experience dizziness or numbness in the head, but medical examinations often show no organic lesions. Moderate exercise and psychological counseling can help alleviate symptoms, and in severe cases, medication that regulates neurological function can be used according to medical advice.

2. Gastrointestinal discomfort

Common symptoms include dull stomach pain, bloating, indigestion, or irritable bowel syndrome. Patients may experience sudden changes in appetite, manifested as overeating or complete loss of appetite. These symptoms are related to increased sensitivity of the intestinal nervous system and may be accompanied by alternating constipation and diarrhea. Maintaining a regular diet and abdominal massage can improve discomfort, and if necessary, gastrointestinal function regulation therapy should be performed.

3. Panic and chest tightness

Patients often feel a rapid heartbeat, chest compression, or poor breathing, but electrocardiogram examination often shows normal results. Symptoms may be accompanied by autonomic nervous system disorders such as hand tremors and sweating, which can easily be confused with heart disease. Deep breathing training and progressive muscle relaxation are effective in relieving symptoms, and organic heart disease should be ruled out for recurrent episodes.

4. Muscle tension

Continuous stiffness and soreness in the shoulder, neck, and back muscles are typical manifestations, and some patients may experience involuntary tremors or local muscle twitching. Long term muscle tension may lead to fibromyalgia, with obvious pain when touched. Relaxation methods such as hot compress and yoga can alleviate symptoms, and the effect is better when combined with muscle relaxants.

5. Sleep disorders

include difficulties falling asleep, waking up early, having multiple dreams or shallow sleep, and some patients may not be able to fall asleep throughout the night. Poor sleep quality can exacerbate daytime fatigue and low mood, forming a vicious cycle. Establishing a fixed sleep schedule and practicing meditation before bedtime can help improve stubborn insomnia, which requires professional psychological intervention combined with medication treatment. When somatic symptoms appear, medical examination should be conducted first to rule out organic diseases. After diagnosis, psychological counseling, mindfulness training, and moderate exercise can be used for adjustment. Maintain a regular daily routine, avoid caffeine and alcohol intake, and cultivate soothing hobbies such as painting and music. When symptoms persist for more than two weeks or affect daily life, it is recommended to seek timely medical attention at a psychiatric department and receive systematic treatment under the guidance of a doctor. Daily recording of symptom onset time and emotional changes can help doctors more accurately assess the condition.