What are the reasons for intermittent rapid heart rate

Intermittent rapid heart rate may be caused by physiological factors, medication effects, heart disease, endocrine disorders, and electrolyte imbalances.

1. Physiological factors:

Intense exercise, emotional excitement, or consumption of caffeinated beverages and other physiological stimuli can cause sympathetic nervous system excitation, leading to a brief increase in heart rate. This type of situation usually does not require treatment, and the heart rate can return to normal on its own after rest. Long term staying up late or excessive stress may also cause similar symptoms.

2. Drug effects:

Certain drugs such as salbutamol, thyroid hormone tablets, or cold medicines containing ephedrine may cause an increase in heart rate. The heart rate changes caused by medication usually alleviate after discontinuation, and if necessary, the medication regimen should be adjusted under the guidance of a doctor.

3. Heart disease:

Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation and other arrhythmia diseases are common causes of pathological tachycardia, which may be accompanied by palpitations and chest tightness symptoms. Dynamic electrocardiogram examination can provide a clear diagnosis, and in severe cases, radiofrequency ablation surgery is required for treatment.

4. Endocrine disorders:

Excessive secretion of thyroid hormones during hyperthyroidism can accelerate myocardial contraction. Patients often have symptoms such as excessive sweating and weight loss, which can be diagnosed through thyroid function examination and ultrasound. Antithyroid drugs or iodine-131 treatment are needed.

5. Electrolyte imbalance:

Electrolyte imbalances such as hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia can affect myocardial electrophysiological activity. Diarrhea, diuretic use, or long-term dieting may lead to electrolyte abnormalities, which need to be evaluated through blood biochemistry tests and supplemented with electrolytes in a timely manner.

It is recommended to avoid excessive intake of caffeine and alcohol in daily life, maintain a regular schedule and moderate exercise. During an attack, one can try vagus nerve stimulation methods such as deep breathing or applying cold water to the face. If frequent episodes are accompanied by symptoms such as fainting and chest pain, 24-hour dynamic electrocardiogram monitoring should be performed immediately. Regular physical examinations should include thyroid function, myocardial enzyme spectrum, and electrolyte testing. For those with a family history of heart disease, it is recommended to increase cardiac ultrasound examination.