What are the physical examination items for employment

The entry physical examination items usually include basic examinations such as blood routine, urine routine, liver function, kidney function, chest X-ray, electrocardiogram, abdominal ultrasound, etc. Some positions may add infectious disease screening or special occupational health examinations.

1. Blood routine examination

Blood routine examination mainly observes indicators such as red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, etc., which can help detect anemia, infection, or abnormalities in the blood system. Fasting blood collection is required, and vigorous exercise should be avoided before examination. If the results are abnormal, it may indicate iron deficiency anemia, inflammatory reactions, and other issues, which need to be further evaluated in conjunction with other examinations.

2. Routine urine

Routine urine can screen urinary system infection, diabetes or kidney disease by analyzing the color, specific gravity, pH and composition of urine. Collecting mid stream urine is more accurate, and women should avoid the menstrual period. When urine protein or occult blood is positive, re examination is necessary, and if necessary, renal function testing should be performed.

3. Liver function

Liver function tests include indicators such as transaminase, bilirubin, protein, etc., reflecting liver metabolism and detoxification function. Drinking alcohol, staying up late, or taking medication may affect the results, so it is necessary to maintain a light diet for 3 days before the examination. Elevated ALT or AST levels may be associated with fatty liver and viral hepatitis.

4. Chest X-ray

Chest X-ray is used to screen for tuberculosis, lung mass, or structural abnormalities. Pregnant women should inform their doctors in advance to avoid radiation testing. If nodules or shadows are found, CT may be necessary for further differentiation. Dust workers may increase lung function testing items.

5. Electrocardiogram

The electrocardiogram records cardiac electrical activity and can detect abnormalities such as arrhythmia and myocardial ischemia. During the examination, it is necessary to breathe calmly and avoid tense emotions. Occasional premature beats are mostly physiological, but frequent ventricular premature beats or ST segment changes require consultation with a cardiologist.

Before the physical examination for employment, one should maintain a regular daily routine and avoid high-fat diet and alcohol consumption. Chronic disease patients need to inform their doctors in advance about their medication status, and women are advised to avoid their menstrual period. After the physical examination, the original report should be retained, and some abnormal results can be confirmed through re examination. Major abnormalities require further specialized diagnosis and treatment. Employers shall not force inspection items beyond the job requirements.