What are the items included in the whole blood test for HIV

Whole blood examination usually includes HIV antibody testing, with main items including blood routine, liver function, kidney function, blood glucose, blood lipids, HIV antibody screening, etc. As the core item of infectious disease screening, HIV testing is often combined with syphilis, hepatitis B, etc.

1. Blood routine examination:

Blood routine examination checks indicators such as red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, etc., which can reflect anemia, infection, or abnormalities in the blood system. Abnormal white blood cell count may indicate immune system issues, but it needs to be confirmed through HIV specific testing.

2. Liver function:

evaluates liver health through indicators such as alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase. HIV infected individuals may experience liver dysfunction, but diseases such as hepatitis and fatty liver can also lead to similar changes.

3. Renal function:

creatinine, urea nitrogen and other indicators reflect renal filtration function. HIV related kidney disease or side effects of antiviral drugs may affect kidney function and require regular monitoring.

4. Blood glucose and lipid:

detects fasting blood glucose and cholesterol levels to evaluate metabolic status. HIV infected individuals are more prone to insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, and these tests can help prevent complications.

5. HIV antibody testing:

Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay or chemiluminescence method is used to screen for HIV antibodies, and positive results after the window period need to be confirmed by Western blot test. Some high-end medical examination packages will include early HIV nucleic acid testing.

Before and after the whole blood test, it is necessary to maintain a normal diet and daily routine, and avoid vigorous exercise that may affect the accuracy of the results. HIV testing should follow the principle of informed consent, and it is recommended to conduct initial screening 2-4 weeks after high-risk behavior, followed by follow-up confirmation 6 weeks later. In daily life, the risk of infection can be reduced by avoiding blood exposure and using condoms. If the test is positive, one should immediately go to a specialized infectious disease hospital for supplementary tests such as CD4 cell count and viral load. Regular physical examinations can detect HIV infection early, and timely treatment can bring the lifespan of infected individuals close to normal levels.