What are the items included in routine endocrine examination

The routine endocrine examination mainly includes five core items: blood glucose testing, thyroid function testing, six items of sex hormones, adrenal hormone testing, and growth hormone testing.

1. Blood glucose testing:

evaluates the glucose metabolism status through fasting blood glucose and postprandial blood glucose measurements, and glycated hemoglobin reflects the average blood glucose level in the past 3 months. Abnormal results may indicate diabetes or hypoglycemia, which should be judged in combination with clinical symptoms. Before testing, it is necessary to maintain an empty stomach for 8 hours to avoid vigorous exercise affecting accuracy.

2. Thyroid function:

includes three basic indicators: thyroid stimulating hormone TSH, free thyroxine FT4, and free triiodothyronine FT3. When hyperthyroidism occurs, TSH decreases while thyroid hormones increase, while when hypothyroidism occurs, the opposite changes are observed. Iodine containing drugs and contrast agents should be discontinued for at least one week before the examination.

3. Six aspects of sex hormones:

For women, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), testosterone (T), and prolactin (PRL) are tested, while for men, testicular function assessment is emphasized. Testing on the third day of the menstrual cycle can best reflect basal hormone levels, and abnormal results may indicate polycystic ovary syndrome or menopausal syndrome.

4. Adrenal hormones:

mainly includes cortisol and aldosterone detection, which are collected and analyzed through blood or 24-hour urine collection. The disappearance of cortisol circadian rhythm may indicate Cushing's syndrome, and aldosterone abnormalities are associated with primary aldosteronism. Before testing, stress stimulation should be avoided, and some items require blood collection while lying down.

5. Growth hormone measurement:

Evaluate pituitary function through insulin hypoglycemia test or arginine stimulation test. Lack of growth hormone may lead to delayed development in children and metabolic abnormalities in adults; Excessive secretion can lead to acromegaly. The examination needs to be conducted under professional medical supervision, and there is a risk of hypoglycemia.

Three days before undergoing endocrine examination, one should maintain a regular daily routine and avoid staying up late and experiencing severe emotional fluctuations. On the day of the examination, fasting for 8-12 hours is required, and sugar free drinks can be brought to prevent hypoglycemia. Female sex hormone testing should indicate the menstrual cycle, and those taking hormone drugs should be informed in advance to avoid high iodine foods such as seaweed one month before thyroid function testing. Glycyrrhiza preparations should be stopped one week before adrenal gland testing. After examination, it is recommended to supplement with high-quality protein and vitamin B family. Moderate consumption of nuts and deep-sea fish can help regulate the endocrine system. Regular soothing exercises such as yoga or tai chi can improve hormone secretion rhythms.