What are the general gynecological examination items

The general gynecological examination items mainly include gynecological double diagnosis, vaginal secretion examination, cervical TCT and HPV combined screening, gynecological ultrasound, and breast examination. These examinations can help assess the health status of the female reproductive system and identify potential issues such as inflammation, infection, tumors, or structural abnormalities.

1. Gynecological double examination:

Gynecological double examination is a procedure in which a doctor places two fingers of one hand into the vagina and presses the other hand on the abdomen to check for abnormalities in the uterus, ovaries, and pelvic cavity. This examination can determine the size, position, texture, and tenderness of the uterus, whether there is enlargement or cyst of the ovaries, and whether there is inflammation or mass in the pelvic cavity. During the examination, it is recommended to relax the body and cooperate with the doctor's guidance. If you feel obvious pain, you should inform the doctor in a timely manner.

2. Vaginal secretion examination:

Vaginal secretion examination usually uses a cotton swab to take a small amount of secretion from the vagina and observe it under a microscope. This examination can determine whether there is vaginitis, such as trichomonas vaginitis, bacterial vaginosis, or fungal vaginitis. Sexual activity, vaginal flushing, or the use of vaginal medication should be avoided within 24 hours before the examination to avoid affecting the accuracy of the results. If there is an increase in vaginal discharge, odor, or itching in the external genitalia, this examination is particularly necessary.

3. Combined screening of cervical TCT and HPV:

Cervical TCT examination uses a small brush to rotate samples at the cervical opening to analyze whether the morphology of cervical cells is abnormal, while HPV examination detects whether high-risk human papillomavirus infection has occurred. The combined screening of the two is an important means of early detection of precancerous lesions and cervical cancer. It is recommended that women who engage in sexual activity undergo this examination regularly. Do not have sexual intercourse, use vaginal suppositories, or perform vaginal flushing within three days before the examination.

4. Gynecological ultrasound:

Gynecological ultrasound is divided into two types: abdominal ultrasound and vaginal ultrasound, which can clearly display the condition of the uterus, endometrium, ovaries, and pelvic cavity. Abdominal ultrasound requires holding urine to fill the bladder, while vaginal ultrasound does not require holding urine, resulting in clearer images. This examination can detect problems such as uterine fibroids, ovarian cysts, endometrial polyps, pelvic fluid accumulation, etc. It is a basic imaging examination for women with menstrual disorders, abdominal pain, or abnormal bleeding.

5. Breast examination:

Breast examination includes doctors' manual diagnosis and breast B ultrasound, and the main purpose is to detect diseases such as breast hyperplasia, breast fibroma or breast cancer. Doctors will examine the breast for lumps, nodules, or skin changes through touch, while ultrasound can more accurately evaluate the internal structure of the breast. It is recommended to undergo a check-up within 3-7 days after the end of menstruation, as the breast tissue is relatively soft at this time, making it easier to detect abnormalities. If a lump, pain, or discharge is found in the breast, seek medical attention promptly. Before undergoing gynecological examination, it is recommended to wear loose and easy to put on and take off clothing, and avoid sexual activity, vaginal flushing, and medication for 24 hours before the examination. If you are in the menstrual period, you should postpone the examination and seek medical attention 3-7 days after the menstrual period is over. Truthfully informing the doctor of one's symptoms, menstrual history, reproductive history, and medical history during the examination can help the doctor make more accurate judgments. Regular gynecological examinations are important measures to maintain women's health, and it is recommended to undergo a comprehensive gynecological examination at least once a year.